The taxation of income from illegal activities is well established in several common law jurisdictions. In the broader sense income or profits from a trade, profession or vocation irrespective of the issue of legality will be taxable. The courts have drawn a distinction between cases where normal income producing activities become illegal due to no

Urban expanse problem causes degradation of biodiversity, while forest contemporaneous is experiencing defaunation alteration for the need of more living spaces. Consequently, the world has just been alerted with the inclination of the urban biodiversity. Human tendency to ignore healthy ecology causes the research on urban wildlife to be bawl in t

For more than a century Lister v Stubbs (1890) 45 Ch D 1 stood as authoritative Court of Appeal judgment denying the recovery of profits acquired from the successful investment of gains obtained in breach of fiduciary duties. The rule was rationalized on the basis that while the claimant was entitled to the proceeds so unlawfully obtained, he lacke

In hot-humid Malaysia, there are around five million units of housing and among these the medium-density terraced are the most built. However, little emphasis was given to designing for thermal comfort and energy efficiency. Consequently, air-conditioning is ubiquitous with ever-rising residential energy consumption. This paper studied passive desi

Many countries have initiated consciousness of environmental approaches in the planning and development of the built environment due to concerns about climate change and global warming. These are in the forms of energy rating system indexes, such as, LEED, Breeam, GBI, etc. to create more sustainable buildings and developments that are less harmful

Damage detection of any structure becomes the main concern in a failure analysis. Early failure detection is very important as it can prevent any catastrophic failure by replacing or repairing the damage part at early stage. One of the non-destructive methods of damage detection is using frequency based vibration analysis. Identification and compar

Under Islamic law, waqf is a kind of voluntary charitable disposition of wealth. It was practiced since the period of the Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) and in the following generation until today. In Malaysia, waqf has also been practiced since Islam spread throughout Malaysia. Since then, waqf has become an important instrument of wealth distributio

The question of integration in the education of the ummah has been a top agenda among Islamic intellectuals and activists since the post-colonial period whose secular-humanism and atheistic-modernism left Muslims with the legacy of a dichotomous education. Many contemporary Islamic educational institutions in the Muslim world have established since

هدف هذا البحث عبر المنهج الوصفيّ الاستقرائيّ إلى تشجيع معلمي العربيّة بوصفها لغة ثانية أو أجنبية؛ لتطبيق المدخل الاتّصاليّ، متخذاً من سؤالي البحث الرئيسين قاعدة له، وهما: 1-ما المدخل الاتصالي

Today the phenomenon of “social and moral turbulence” has gone beyond the boundaries of banking and finance to embrace global politics, climate change and environmental disasters, international relations, inter-religious and intra-religious discord, food insecurity scenario, urban crime, lawlessness, and – not least – the daily hazards of l