لقد جرت العادة في الكتب الفقهية أن تصف غير المسلمين الذين عاشوا في ظل الخلافة الإسلاميّة بأنهم أهل الذِّمّة. وبعد زوال الخلافة الإسلاميّة، وتفرّق البلدان الإسلاميّة التي كانت تحت سلطتها إلى د
Most early studies in information technology or system (IT/IS) predominantly apply quantitative techniques. However, application of qualitative methods is increasing in IT/IS researches and become a new trend among the researchers in the past twenty years. Using case studies are the most common methods to explore the research subjects. Recently, gr
Monetary policy in Malaysia has been designed to be accommodative and supportive of economic growth with balancing the risk of inflation. As the cost of borrowing remains low, the transmission of monetary policy through the traditional interest rate channel might be diminished. Moreover, the influential presence of the Islamic banks has further com
Cocoa butter was successfully extracted from cocoa liquor by supercritical carbondi oxide (SC-CO2) at 35 MPa, 60 oC and 2 mL/min with 5%, 15% and 25% cosolvents. The extraction yield of tryglicerides (TG) and fatty acid (FA) compositions were significantly influenced by the concentration of polar cosolvents. The SC-CO2 extraction efficiency was inc
The rise of Islamic finance, in particular the Islamic equity market, has called for research in various arenas of finance and economics, in part due to evidence supporting a causal link with macroeconomic variables. One such field is the impact Islamic stock indices may have on business cycles and vice versa. This study pioneers in understanding t
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The role of honey in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) is controversial. We studied the complementary effect of ingestion of a high dose of honey, in addition to standard medications, on AR. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Prospective randomized placebo-controlled study. Subjects were recruited from an otolaryngology clinic in
Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a very rare diseas e, and the symptoms can be vague. This case report serves as a reminder to take RP into consideration in patients with sudden hearing loss, with concur� rent features of recurrent cartilaginous inflammati on. A young lady presented with recurrent eye in� flammation for two years and sought tre
Objectives: Airway endoscopy is often the gold standard diagnostic tool in cases of infants and children with respiratory and voice problems. We analysed the flexible airway endoscopy performed in the paediatric intensive care unit of Hospital Tg Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan, over a period of 6 years. Methods: Retrospective analysis of all the case
Objective: To determine the effect of intragenic and intergenic interaction to the coaggregation of C. albicans, A. naeslundii and S. mutans. Methods: 2-day old C. albicans strains and bacteria (A. naeslundii and S. mutans) were inoculated in RPMl-1640 and brain heart infusion broth, respectively. Following inoculation, the suspensions were incubat
The purpose of this paper is to bring to the fore the essential roles of Mother Tongue and English language as a medium of communication in this globalised world. It shows the evolutionary nature of languages to remain relevant today and in the future especially as a means in the process of empowering the society with knowledge in order to stay com
