A significant amount of water is required daily for IIUM Masjid, which can accommodate at least about 9000 people during the special prayer times. Unfortunately, the water used for ablution is discharged directly to the drain without any plan to recycle and reuse. Quantity and quality of the used water after ablution is determined in this study. La

Background Breastfeeding is the natural route for feeding the newborn that has a lot of documented advantages upon maternal and child health. All over the world, higher employment rates in recent years among women have had an impact on infant breastfeeding. Many national and international projects had been established to promote the breastfeeding t

An employee's right to job security has to be balanced with the just requirement of the employer who should be given the opportunity, under certain circumstances, to retrench workers from employment arising from genuine business reasons such as decrease in business activities, perceived advantages of greater mechanisation and technological chan

The arguments in relation to the implementation of hudud laws in Malaysia has once again resurfaced and is heatedly argued by the proponents of this laws and those who oppose its implementation. Some have contended that the implementation of hudud will only boost, and not deter crimes because of the high standard of proof imposed by syariah. Some w

The employer is empowered to devise measures to reorganise and restructure or manage their workforce in any manner they deem appropriate to improve its profitability. Retrenchment of workers based on operational requirements is recognised for example, when there is reduction, diminution or cessation of the type of work the employee is performing. T

A smart city is one that uses a smart system characterized by the interaction between infrastructure, capital, behaviors and cultures, achieved through their integration. From our survey of the smart city concept by reading recent papers in this field, we found no uniform concept of the smart city; some papers discussed it as a general case study,

This case study presents a sunny scenario of a ard-working, talented and competitive employee who is seen to be recognised and rewarded for her efforts by her superiors. This case analysis elucidates the fact that for achieving success,recognition and excellence in an organisation, two factors are of substantial importance. One would be personal at

Islamic websites (I-Webs) demand special attention by the nature of the content they deliver to users. To deliver satisfying and useful content for Islamic activities online (e.g. learning about Islam, questioning scholars, chat), it is important to identify and understand the most important features an Islamic website should portray. In this paper

Workplaces dispute should ideally be resolved through collaborative and less confrontational means. Mediation is the best dispute resolution process. Apart from providing fast, creative and mutually satisfactory resolutions, mediation has the potential of preserving the relationship between the parties. Mediation can mend and preserve frayed workin

In this paper the power efficiency of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Power is studied. Power consumption is the main challenge during the routing of the data. The main objective of this study is to address tht afe three routing parameters that affect the network life time such as the initial power of the nodes, the residual power in the nodes and th