Corrupt practices in public procurement in Malaysia are explained in this paper using a principal-agent model. The government leaders, who are typically politicians, ministers, or their relatives, are referred to as the" principal" while the officials who carry out their duties are referred to as "agents". The actors in the model wh

Trust is an exclusive creation. It covers both legal and equitable rights in a concept created by English jurists which is based on Common Law principles. The trust as applicable in Malaysia is for both non-Muslims and Muslims, without any exceptions. In Islam, trust is justified as a method of transferring the ownership of property from the owner

Road defect inspection is a crucial task in maintaining a good transportation infrastructure as road surface distress can impact user’s comfortability, reduce the lifetime of vehicles’ parts, and cause road casualties. In recent years, machine learning has been adapted widely in various fields, including object detection, thanks to its superior

Oil palm is a highly productive crop, yet its growth and yield are significantly influenced by nutrient availability,making leaf analysis essential to evaluate the nutritional status of oil palms. This study assesses the nutrientontent of oil palm leaves in the Felda Chini, plantation in Pahang, where trees are affected by basal stem rot, a common

Ideally, a sensor designed for the food industry should be equipped with a fast, precise, and reliable system to detect the physical properties of a substrate without causing direct or indirect damage. However, current photosensors are often very complex, as they focus on investigating the molecular composition of the substrate, which takes a long

Heptapleurum arboricola (Araliaceae) is recognized for its potential as an air-purifying plant. This study aimed to elucidate the general leaf anatomical structure of H. arboricola and discuss the relevance of these structures in relation to its air-purifying capabilities. Additionally, the study aimed to provide valuable data for plant identificat

Populasi Malaysia, yang dianggarkan sebanyak 33.7 juta pada tahun 2023, terus berkembang dengan kadar pertumbuhan populasi tahunan sebanyak 0.2 peratus, yang membawa kepada peningkatan keperluan bagi langkah-langkah keselamatan makanan yang kukuh. Walau bagaimanapun, negara ini berdepan dengan masalah ketidakcukupan kendiri dalam pengeluaran makana

The aim of this project is to evaluate the dynamic process performance of SE113 Flow Control System Plant using self-tuning Fuzzy PI controller. The experimental data is used to model the process and the control analysis is done using Self-Tuning Fuzzy PI Controller. The performance evaluation is based on the percent overshoot, rise time and settli

يتناول هذا الكتاب مجموعة شاملة من المواضيع المتعلقة بمهارات العرض والتقديم، بدءًا من التحضير الجيد للعرض وصولاً إلى فنون الإلقاء وكسب انتباه الجمهور. سيكون هذا الكتاب رفيقكم المفيد والملهم،

The expansion of Islamic sustainable finance in the financial market depends on the application of Sharī‘ah-compliance mechanisms. Many of these mechanisms can be found from the innovative financial products which are made available by Islamic financial services providers. Ar-Rahnu or Islamic pawnbroking is one of the accepted Islamic financial