جُبِلَ الإنسان على التواصل منذ أن خلقه الله سبحانه وتعالى، فاللغة هي أداة التواصل بين البشر. ونحن نعيش في عالم التقنية وانفجار المعلومات فبدهي تطور الاتصال، ذلكم لأغراض متعددة منها الأغراض ال

This study attempts to trace the foundation of the teaching and learning of Arabic language as a course of study in Nigerian institutions of higher learning. It aims at assessing the curriculum development of Arabic language in Nigerian institutions, especially in the light of the contemporary challenges facing the nation’s educational system and

Two decades have passed since the lifting of the ‘Iron Curtain’, an ideological boundary erected by the Soviet Union to seal itself off from the rest of the world from 1945 to 1990. Yet, the subject of Islam in Russia and especially the history of Islam on Russian soil continues to be one of the less studied topics in international scholarship.

This essay is an attempt to outline the ideology of nationalism, its types and impact on the well-being of societies from the viewpoints of two Muslim intellectuals, Said Nursi and Musa Jārullāh. Based on the predictions of these two scholars and the current political developments, it identifies the ideas of negative nationalism and racism to be

Hyper-Redundant robotic manipulators like Serial robots, Snake robots, Tentacle robots or Continuum robots have very large number of degrees of kinematics redundancy. Position control of such a robotic manipulator comprising of more than three links and articulated joints is a big challenge due to the involvement of large number of trigonometric te

This volume describes challenges Muslims are facing in Russia today and put forward proposals to minimise these problems. It suggests that achieving social harmony, security and well-being for the Muslims in Russia will be a complex but achievable task. It requires openness, willingness for change, and tolerance for the opinions of others. Therefor

In this paper, an optimized state feedback regulation of a 3 degree of freedom (DOF) helicopter is designed via extremum seeking (ES) technique. Multi-parameter ES is applied to optimize the tracking performance via tuning State Vector Feedback with Integration of the Control Error (SVFBICE). Discrete multivariable version of ES is developed to min

This work was intended as an attempt to extend the results on localization of Fourier-Laplace series to the spectral expansions of distributions on the unit sphere. It is shown that the spectral expansions of the distribution on the unit sphere can be represented in terms of decompostions of Laplace-Beltrami operator. It was of interest to establis

In this work we investigate the localization principle of the Fourier-Laplace series of the distribution. Here we prove the su�cient conditions of the localization of the Riesz means of the spectral expansions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on the unit sphere.

An ensemble method produces diverse classifiers and combines their decisions for ensemble’s decision. A number of methods have been investigated for constructing ensemble in which some of them train classifiers with the generated patterns. This study investigates a new technique of training pattern generation that is easy and effective for ensemb