About 80 percent of the world's Muslim populations are non-native speakers of the Arabic language. Since ‎it ‎is ‎‎obligatory for all Muslims to recite the Qur'an in Arabic ‎during regular prayers, ‎an ‎extraordinary ‎‎social phenomenon has taken place ‎in some parts of the ‎Muslim ‎world: Muslims, men and women, lea

A new combinatorial interpretation of Raney numbers is proposed. We apply this combinatorial interpretation to solve several tree enumeration counting problems. Further a generalized Catalan triangle is introduced and some of its properties are proved.Open Journal of Discrete Mathematics , 2015, 5, 1-9 Published Online January 2015 in SciRes. http

Since indigenous construction, sustainability had appeared into practice though it was not performed in high technology manner. The paper focuses on the traditional masjids in Malaysia where traditional technology of passive design has long been inculcated. Passive design strategies which are practical are ablution from rain water harvesting, comfo

Introduction: Eating disorders are a poorly understood condition characterised by severe psychiatric and medical manifestations, in which eating habits, physical health and psychosocial functioning are disturbed. College and university students are among the population who are prone to eating disorder. The aim of this study is to determine the prev

The exercise of modelling the risk and volatility of corporate bonds is undertaken through credit spreads analysis, a practice normally used in bond pricing and risk management. Despite the rapid growth of the Malaysian bond market, very few studies on the behaviour of credit spreads, and whether its volatility is influenced by external shocks have

Bangladesh has the Westminster type of political system, where the prime minister is the main executive, leader of the house and advises the president. The civil service is the administrative arm of the government and has the responsibility to serve the people of the country (GoB, 1994: Art 21). However, the structure of Bangladesh Civil Service sh

This paper examines whether attitudes towards electric vehicles (ATEVs), subjective norms (SNs) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) have significant associations with consumer purchase intention (PI) and the purchase behaviour of environmentally friendly vehicles (EFVs). The resultsfromthesurveyquestionnairesareanalysedusingconfirmatory factor

The level of inequity in health status and access to basic health care interventions remain high in Malawi (Zere, et al 2007). However, the people of Malawi want the health care service of the country to be efficient, effective and equitable (Kaisi, 2013). This paper examines the health care system and in particular how health care services are bei

In this paper, a real-time optimized PropotionalIntegral-Derivative (PID) controller for a three Degree of Freedom (3DOF) helicopter is proposed. The real-time optimization of the PID controller gains is performed by the extremum seeking algorithm. The system is an under-actuated mechanical system with high nonlinearity and high coupling among its

It is universally acknowledged that nationalism is the most deeply ingrained political ideology in the modern imagination. It is as Benedict Anderson suggests, "the most universally legitimate value in the political life of our time." Dipesh Chakrabarty is of the view that European imperialism and Third World nationalism have together achie