It is observed that if there is a civil dispute between the parties, they may try to settle it outside court, for example, by using the process of alternative dispute resolution. When there is actual cause of action between the parties, the settlement might be done through negotiations. If such negotiation settlement fails, they might bring the mat

MUSIBAH di Gaza adalah sesuatu yang sukar diungkapkan. Ia merentasi imajinasi manusia waras. Fakta dan fiksyen, kebenaran dan kepalsuan tidak lagi wujud. Kebebasan dibungkamkan dalam kebatilan. Suatu krisis yang berkekalan, yang menjalar ke segenap lapisan kehidupan. Apatah lagi kehidupan intelektual dan moral. Inilah yang sedang kita alami. Gaza b

LAST week, on June 16, the Jakarta Post reported that the Netherlands had finally recognised Aug 17, 1945 as Indonesia's official Independence Day. However, Indonesia's former colonisers still insist that the legal transfer of sovereignty took place some four years later, on Dec. 27, 1949, "and that the recognition will not change any p

Arguably, we live in a moment obsessed with history. Issues of the day are pregnant with the past. Why history matters? Or does it even matter at all? We are often reminded that "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it". Global and national leaders, including Malaysian prime ministers, have often used the phrase. That

WE may learn lessons in managing Islamophobia from British novelist and essayist George Orwell of Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) fame. In 1945, he wrote a number of essays, including Anti-Semitism in Britain, recently published in Notes on Nationalism. He introduces his essay by providing background of the Jewish population in B

TO the West, Ibn Khaldun had a Western view of history. There was a "perfume of the Renaissance" about him. A number of French scholars revealed Ibn Khaldun as "a modern Frenchman" and one who have would have approved of the French empire in North Africa. He may be regarded as a fellow traveller, albeit separated by some 600 years.

يتناول هذا البحث جانباً مهماً من: (معايير تحليل النص الشعري عند الإمام عبد القاهر الجرجاني)، والتي تركز على نقد وتحليل النص الشعري، وكيفية تذوقه، حيث كانت نظريات علم النقد في ذلك الوقت مرتبطة ا

This article reviews the “acquisition” of Pulau Pinang by Francis Light and the East India Company (EIC) in the year 1786. The discussion centres on the contested history of Pulau Pinang and the collective memory of the Malays. It reveals discussions between Francis Light and the sultans of Kedah on the supposed “acquisition” and sometime l

Artikel ini memberikan tafsiran semula dan penekanan terhadap kewartawanan dan akhbar, secara amnya melalui tulisan W.R. Roff. Tiga daripada karya beliau yang signifikan dalam kajian ini ialah Studies on Islam and Society in Southeast Asia (2009: NUS Press Singapore), Bibliografi terbitan berkala Melayu dan Arab yang diterbitkan di Negeri-Negeri Se

This article defines Malay identity through their portrayal of the Malay Other – the Arabs, Indian Muslims and the Europeans. The Arabs and Peranakan Arabs were identified as foreigners in disguise, the Europeans colonisers as harbingers of modernity. From this perspective not much has been written, using editorial cartoons in Malaysia. This arti