Introduction: Accurate and reliable clinical measurement of visual acuity (VA) is necessary to establish the needs for further clinical investigations. A simpler option for VA measurement is the use of smartphones, in which the measurement method is programmed in an application that enables automated and self-administered VA testing. Aims: This stu

Introduction: Palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) is characterised by excessive thickening of the palms and soles. Hereditary PPK is rare with prevalence in Asia estimated at 1 to 3 per 10,000. A careful assessment is needed due to this group of diseases' considerable clinical and genetic variation. Case report: We report a 3-year and 6-month-old gi

The essays in this book represent my engagement with the epistemological, historical, cultural and societal perspectives of journalism and media. It interprets what is and advocates what would and could be. As the practice with most writing from the university environment, many originated from academic, scholarly and social commitments in one’s v

SOMETHING is gravely wrong on Pulau Pinang’s argument and belief on the history of Kedah. An alternative narrative no doubt. Nobody is prohibiting the expression of alternative views and perspectives. Even in a history department, the history of a subject can/would differ from one historian to another based on one’s bias. This could be determin

The month of Ramadan offers a new way of experiencing our environment. One is conceiving fasting as a gift, allowing us to appreciate anew sights and sounds. To Muslim artists, it evokes the creative power of aesthetics and specific ethics of production.

Malay studies in Malaysia seems to have intellectually ostracised itself. The confidence in promoting indigenous and endogenous perspectives on the field is wanting. This does not mean establishing a Malay-centric view of knowledge and the world.

Momordica cochinchinensis or gac fruit is a 'superfruit' that is well-known in Vietnam. Gac is an orange fruit that is ovoid in shape and has a soft spiny texture. In Malaysia, gac fruit is a new and less known plant. This study aimed to characterize gac fruit using morphological analysis involving both vegetative and reproductive parts and

The soil in landfills is contaminated by a variety of unintentionally dumped waste materials, predominantly inorganic, macro, and micro-contaminants. The length, nature, and degree of reactivity of the soil-contaminant system have an impact on its geotechnical properties. Pollutants (such as fertilizers, oils, and landfill leachate) and soil intera

Kerajaan Ayyubiyah merupakan sebuah kerajaan yang diasaskan oleh Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi sebelum berlakunya misi ketenteraan Perang Salib Ketiga yang dilancarkan oleh Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi. Catatan sejarah membuktikan bahawa terdapat penglibatan kerajaan Ayyubiyah di dalam beberapa siri Perang Salib walaupun setelah kemangkatan Salah al-Din al-Ayyu

Foetal complications associated with abnormal Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) levels are becoming a serious matter. The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) is substantially greater in the raised maternal serum-alpha fetoprotein (MS-AFP) group than in the normal MS-AFP group. The top three APOs in terms of occurrence rate in the increased MS-AFP group