A new, rapid, and direct method was developed for the determination of moisture content in biodiesel produced from various types of oils using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) element. Samples of biodiesels used in this study were produced using sludge palm oil (SPO). The calibration set was

This study was carried out to search the potenlial of using dale palm kernel (DPK) as value-added components 10 be included in food products. Date pits (kernels) were used in food industry tu produce edible nutritious DPK drink. After tlte DPK powder was eonfinned to be free from any toxin. the DPK powder was analyzed for the nutritional compounds

This chapter explores the presence of spirituality in business ethics with the application of governing goodness and preventing evil. The foundation to spirituality in Islam is based on core perspective called Tawhid. The first element in Tawhidic paradigm(Unity of God) establishes the relationship not only with Allah(called vertical relationship),

A laboratory scale for extraction and analysis of date palm kernel oil (DPKO) was conducted by date palm kernel (DPK) from two types of date which were Deglect Noor (DN) and Moshkan (MO). The moisture content for DN and MO were determined to be 4.176 % and 5.335% respectively. The extracted oil was then analyzed for acid value (AV), unsaponifiable

This study is an effort to explore the potentials of Gum Arabic (GA) as a halal food additive focusing on its emulsifying properties. Emulsions are prepared by vigorously shaking the mixtures of oil phase and aqueous phase containing this emulsifier. The effect of various processing parameters of the amount of emulsifier, the standing temperature a

The increasing demands for oils both for human consumption and for other industrial applications has culminated into an increasing need to search for oils from nonconventional sources to augment the available ones and also to meet specific applications. Environmental concerns about synthetic non-biodegradable polymers have also encouraged efforts t

Response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize the conditions for extraction of serine protease from kesinai (Streblus asper) leaves. The effect of independent variables, namely temperature (42.5,47.5, X1), mixing time (2–6 min, X2), buffer content (0–80 mL, X3) and buffer pH (4.5–10.5, X4)

Spray drying is the most widely used industrial process involving particle formation and drying. It is highly suited for the continuous production of dry solids in either powder, granulate or agglomerate form from liquid feed-stocks as solutions, emulsions and pump able suspensions. Therefore, spray drying is an ideal process where the end-product

An Aqueous Two-Phase System (ATPS) was employed for the first time for the separation and purification of pectinase from mango (Mangifera Indica Cv. Chokanan)peel. The effects of different parameters such as molecular weight of the polymer (polyethylene glycol, 2,000–10,000), potassium phosphate composition (12–20%, w/w),system pH (6–9), and

Chromatography is one of the most important separation processes of choice for the recovery/purification of proteins and complex bio-structures. Fabrication of chromatographic membranes and their efficiency in the chromatography process has been the subject of many recent researches. In this study, a coin-like, 13 mm diameter and 3 mm thick, cerami