There is an ever increasing demand for radio-frequency (RF) spectrum by the nations of the world, in order to satisfy the growing demand for long-distance communications. As C-band (4/6 GHz) is already congested, and Ku-band (12/14 GHz) is filling up rapidly, currently interest focus on the utilization of higher bands. Some systems are already desi

Since Islam followed in the footsteps of Arab conquerors of Central Asia, it is sometimes heard that the religion was imposed by force on the region. This is a gross misconception unsupported by any historical evidence. The coming of Islam in the whole region took a comparatively short period of time starting in the mid-seventh century. Islam sprea

Until qomparativelrye centt imes( mid l9th century)winds shaped navigation over seas. From simple boats,rafts and canoes they developed ships with masts which made it possible for human beings to roam around the various parts of the known world. Naturally the coastal people indulging in seafaring played a significant role in bringing nations closer

Generally speaking, media is extensively used as the means to disseminate news and information pertaining to business, social, political and religious concerns. A portion of the time and space of media has now become an important device to generate economic and social activities that include advertising, marketing, recreation and entertainment. The

This essay attempts to describe the influence of a prominent Muslim Egyptian scholar in the early nineteenth century, who initiated a reform movement in a scholar from the Indo-Malay world. Muhammad 'Abduh (1265-1323 A.H./1849-1905 C.E.) was regarded as the founder of Islamic modernism, an intellectual trend in religious thought to make Islam c

Malaysia, a multiethnic and multi-religious society in Southeast Asia, has a population of 27.7 million comprising three major ethnicities, consisting of 67% Malays/Bumiputras, 24.7% Chinese, and 7.4% Indians along with many smaller minority groups. The Federal Constitution of Malaysia declares Islam as the official religion, but guarantees religio

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is the most widely used non conventional machining process for removing material from workpiece by means of a series of repeated electric discharges. Electrical Discharge milling (ED-milling) is an emerging technology where a cylindrical tool electrode follows a programmed path in order to obtain the desired sha

Finding a Muslim polity through leadership based on iman that is rooted in taqwa Ibn al-Azraq says is the answer to the best governance. An Islamic leadership in this form, he says will prevent the extinction of any Muslim polity. This prevention is possible because, he says, a leader, who is conscious of the trust given by Allah to administer a st

Tumor cells with tumorigenic potential are limited to a small cell population known as cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs yield both CSCs and non-CSCs, whereas non-CSCs do not yield CSCs. CSCs have not been identified in any malignant lymphomas. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a mostly B-cell neoplasm that can be diagnosed by the presence of multinucleated (R

Dense pure biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) and Mn-doped BCP ceramics were fabricated via uniaxial pressing using the sol-gel derived powders. The compacted discs were sintered in air atmosphere with temperatures ranging from 1000 ºC to 1400 ºC. All powders have been proved to show HA and β-TCP phases only. Manganese doping improves the densific