In this paper, three new Gramians are introduced namely - limited-time interval impulse response Gramians (LTIRG), generalized limited-time Gramians (GLTG) and generalized limited-time impulse response Gramians (GLTIRG). GLTG and GLTIRG are applicable to both unstable systems and also to systems which have eigenvalues of opposite polarities and equ

Introduction: Dental practitioners are among the professionals that are at high risk of developing Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) over a long period of time as they are exposed to high level sound intensity from the dental equipment possibly on a daily basis. The anatomical structure of the ear causes the high frequency region of the cochlea to

High demand for crop oils is anticipated in the lubricant industry because of their renewable, non-toxic, environment-friendly nature. Crop oils typically offer high viscosities, viscosity indexes, and flashpoints. The unique structure of crop oils provides good lubrication, high flammability, and anti-corrosion ability. In contrast, petroleum-base

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into xylophagia, its treatment, intervention options, etiological causes and possible relationship with other diseases. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic search was performed across four scientific databases (i.e. Ovid Medline, Embase via Ovid, PubMed and ProQuest). All of th

Even though China is nowhere near the heartland of Islam, the country is not a stranger to the religion brought by Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). In fact, Islam had reached China as early as 7th century ce and achieved its zenith during the era of the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 ce), also known as the “Golden Age of Islam” in China. Not only were Musli

The development of science of tafsÊr and hadith in Malaysia is quite advanced. However both are not formally established as a discipline of science. The discussion is more towards the science of tafsir and hadith commentary itself rather than studying the problems in society and its solutions from the perspective of Qur’an and Sunnah. Employing

The complicated chemical vapour deposition (CVD) is currently the most viable method of producing graphene. Most studies have extensively focused on chemical aspects either through experiments or computational studies. However, gas-phase dynamics in CVD reportedly plays an important role in improving graphene quality. Given that mass transport is t

This present study discusses the outcome of the experimental investigations, and the efficacy of the tiny jets used to regulate the base pressure as well as the wall pressure in suddenly expanded flow. The control mechanism as tiny jets having a cross-section of 1 mm diameter was employed as the base pressure regulator at the exit periphery of the

In current biometric security systems using images for security authentication, finger vein-based systems are getting special attention in particular attributable to the facts such as insurance of data confidentiality and higher accuracy. Previous studies were mostly based on finger-print, palm vein etc. however, due to being more secure than finge

In Islam, women have an important role in promoting the economic growth of a country, including their involvement in entrepreneurship. It acknowledges the positive contribution of women entrepreneur to the sustainable economic development of a country. Nevertheless, there are limitations in mobility and enhancement of women entrepreneurs due to fin