The need for an engine that offers a low fuel consumption and good low-end torque grown for the past few years. The European environment protection agencies have drawn d<J the emission limits annually with emerging countries has started to adopt the European legislation. OEMs world wide have strived to meet the stringent regulation that made th

Conventional modes of power besides running out are also aggravating the environment. New and renewable forms of energy are the need of the day. The abundance, inexhaustibility and non-polluting nature of the sun's energy to the earth, have made solar energy the right supplement for conventional energy sources, which are getting scarce and exha

Biodiesel is currently produced from food and non food oil sources. The process is significantly constrained by reaction kinetics and mass transfer. In the present article, preliminary investigation of the effect of reactor configuration on yield is carried out using waste cooking oil (WCO) at different reaction parameter. The Taguchi design, with

Learning phonetics is an important aspect of life that every person needs to learn at an early age, and one of the important branches of phonology is learning letter exits. Muslims who adhere to the Qur’an and the Sunnah need to know the basics of the letter exits because when each letter is pronounced, it will affect the meaning of each word in

The paper illustrates the review on the optimizations studies of HVAC systems based on three main methods – HVAC operational variables optimization, optimization of control parameters in HVAC system and parameter optimization in building models. For the HVAC system’s operational variables, the optimization process is based on the common and pre

This study aimed to determine the effect of synbiotic Musa acuminata skin extract (MASE) and Streptococcus salivarius K12 (K12) on Candida species biofilm formation. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-Q-TOF-MS) was conducted to characterize MASE. To determine the effect of synbiotic on Candida biofilm, 200 mL of RPMI-1640 containin

In this day and age, researchers and engineers are actively exploring research in the supersonic Mach number flow field, primarily related to the base pressure of aerospace vehicles and nozzle variants. The boundary layer theory explained the flow separation caused by fluid motion. The turbulent boundary layer at the base will generate supersonic e

This study examines the effect of adding various amount of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) from 1 wt. % to 5 wt. % as function to produce porosity of the microstructure on Zirconia-Toughened Alumina (ZTA). Porosity is required in this study which aims to increase the efficiency of carbon infiltration on the porous composite through chemical vapor infiltrat

A power divider plays a significant function in antenna’s feeding network. Many types of power divider exist yet there are only a few existing studies of Wilkinson power dividers at high frequencies (28 GHz) for 5G communications systems. This paper presents a tapered 2-way Wilkinson power divider that operates in Malaysia's 5G wireless commu

Microfinance has been proven that it is an effective tool for poverty reduction and socioeconomic development. Yet, the impact of microfinance on the recipients is still questioned and varies from one institution to others. This research analyzes the impact of Islamic microfinance on asnaf. The study employs a qualitative research method by using p