In this paper, the numerical modeling of alkali-catalyzed waste cooking oil (WCO) transesterification in a 2-L stirred tank reactor (STR) is discussed. Based on the Navier-Stokes equation, the liquid flow in the STR was resolved using unstructured, non-uniform mesh with the sst- κ-ω, κ-ε and RSM turbulent models. The PIV velocity data was used

A technique to monitor transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) is presented. The technique was developed based on analogue signal from WCO, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and commercial palm oil (CPO). A low-pass filter design for the photodiode was used to obtain the characteristic analog signal generated by these oil samples and the signal

The indigenous skilled man-power shortfall in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is a known phenomenon. Efforts at tackling this problem have witnessed policy reforms targeted at human capital development via qualitative education at all levels. In the interim, the GCC countries rely on expatriates to fill the gap. This option may only work in the

Malaysia is very much a diversified nation with a population of about 28 millions from different ethnic groups and with a variety of religions. Despite having no significant nor violent racial and religious conflict since 1969, there have been signs of emerging ethnic tension and sensitive issues every now and then in the nation. This study demonst

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, a compositae, originated from Paraguay. It is propagated by stem cuttings. Leaves’ glycosides are about 300 times sweeter than sugar and safe for diabetic patients. In Malaysia, techniques for stevia mass production are limited. Varieties MS012 and MS007 obtained from MARDI were studied. For each variety, cuttings made

Electricity consumers tend to avoid the payment of electricity dues through various methods such as tampering with energy meter and illegal tapping via direct connection to the distribution feeder. This has led to huge revenue losses by the electricity supplying corporation and the related government or private agencies. A new approach of detecting

Objectives: To determine maternal morbidities in relation to prenatal diagnosis of lethal fetal anomalies and termination of pregnancy (TOP). Materials: Twenty five patients with prenatal diagnosis of lethal fetal anomalies in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods: This was a retrospective review in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan,

This was a retrospective review in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Malaysia In the year of 2011. All patients diagnosed prenatally to carry lethal fetal anomalies was Reviewed. The outcome of the pregnancy including type of labour, mode of induction and delivery, and associated morbidities during antenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum period

Objective: To investigate whether premenopausal hysterectomy has an effect on bone mass in women in their fifties . Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 25 healthy women who had premenopausal hysterectomy before the age of 45 and at least 2 years before the study with 40 healthy natural postmenopausal women 45–60 years old. Evalua

This paper is a research on the interaction between Chinese Muslim minority, the Hui with the non-Muslim majority, the Han in China. The finding prove that the Hui in China remain a marginalized group with little influence on political, economical, cultural and social affairs. It is also confirmed that for the Hui people, Islam is practiced as a co