Cryogenic cooling is an environmental friendly and effective cooling technology. The present work investigates the role of cryogenic cooling on tool wear at various cutting conditions. An indigenous method of applying cryogenic coolant was developed. Different methods of circulating the liquid nitrogen and vaporizing it inside the tool holder were

Antibacterial agents of plant origin have vast therapeutic potential. They are valuable in the treatment of infectious diseases while simultaneously extenuating many of the side effects that are often associated with synthetic antibacterial agents. The beneficial medicinal effects of plant materials typically result from the combinations of seconda

Diabetes is a chronic common disease, prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide; this urges the need for more new treatment. Inhibition of intestinal alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase is an improtant strategy to control post-prandial hyperglycemia associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Based on the fact that plants have been the basis for

Malicious software or popularly known as malware is a threat to the computer users, regardless which platform that they are using; desktops, laptops or mobile phones. Malware is a type of software which purposely written for malicious purpose. It manipulates software vulnerability to get illegal access to the host machine. Malware evolves from a pr

A novel, simple, and short cavity design of single longitudinal mode (SLM) tunable erbium-doped fiber ring laser using a graphene-based saturable absorber is proposed and demonstrated as a tunable signal source. The SLM output is then mixed with another output signal from a tunable laser source (TLS) to generate tunable radio frequency (RF) signals

We propose and demonstrate the generation of a supercontinuum (SC) spectrum from a 10 m long silica fiber co-doped with zirconia-yttria-alumino and erbium (Zr-EDF) as a non-linear medium. The proposed system utilizes a 2 m long Zr-EDF in a ring laser configuration to generate mode-locked pulses at 1560 nm based on the non-polarization rotation (NPR

A passively Q-switch Brillouin-Erbium Doped Fiber Laser (BEDFL) with 11 stable lasing wavelengths at peak power of -15 dBm between 1550.1 nm to 1551.0 nm, 1.67 µs pulse width and repetition rate of 152.40 kHz is demonstrated. The proposed BEDLF uses a 7.7 km Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF), assisted by an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) to

A hybrid DepressedCladding Erbium Doped Fiber (DCEDF) together with a broadband Semi conductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) to enhance the generation of Stokes and antiStokes in a 7.7 km long Dis persion Compensating Fiber (DCF) is proposed and demonstrated. The performance of the proposed system is compared against that of a conventional system with on

We propose and demonstrate a tunable S-band multiwavelength Brillouin/Raman fiber laser (MBRFL) with a tuning range of between 1490 to 1530 nm. The proposed MBRFL is designed around a 7.7 km long dispersion compensating fiber in a simple ring configuration, acting as a nonlinear medium for the generation of multiple wavelengths from stimulated Bril

This paper highlights the results of light levels and light-fastness study conducted in four daylit historical museum galleries in Malaysia. These museums architectural features allow sun radiation into the building, causing light exposure damage to artifacts. This study aims to evaluate the luminous exposures and light-fastness as an initial preve