In a hegemonic consociational system practised in Malaysia, the Opposition can hardly play a dominant role in making democracy work. Nevertheless, a content analysis of the debates in the House of Representatives from 1982 to 2003 show that the opposition members have contributed to the process of check and balance in the government by asking quest

In this paper, we present secure energy-efficient routing protocol (SERP) for densely deployed wireless sensor networks which aims to achieve robust security for transmitted sensor readings with an energy-efficient network backbone. When the sensors with limited energy budgets are deployed in hazardous environment, ensuring energy efficiency and se

A Heterogeneous Distributed Sensor Network (HDSN) is a type of distributed sensor network where sensors with different functional types participate at the same time. In this network model, the sensors are associated with different deployment groups but they cooperate with each other within and out of their respective groups. The heterogeneity of HD

Realizing the importance of education in shaping future generation, Muslim scholars (al-Attas,(1993); al-Faruqi ,1986) have advocated Islamic values to be inculcated in every discipline. English language teaching is no exception as it is not neutral, but in fact, has been infused with the values of the West, as reflected in Western instructional ma

Tuberculosis (TB) affects onethird of the world’s population. Anti-TB drugs with isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide are very effective but they can cause hepatotoxicity. Many risk factors have been recognised. Data on prevalence of anti-TB drug-induced hepatitis as well as the contributing risk factors are scarce in Malaysia. This observation

Tuberculosis (TB) affects onethird of the world’s population. Anti-TB drugs with isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide are very effective but they can cause hepatotoxicity. Many risk factors have been recognised. Data on prevalence of anti-TB drug-induced hepatitis as well as the contributing risk factors are scarce in Malaysia. This observation

The crucial role that teachers and schools play in the development of a nation’s human resource is undeniable. In Malaysia, teaching has always been perceived as a financially secure and relatively easy job by many, resulting in mass application for entry into teacher education programmes. Many of those who aspire and opto to go into the teaching

Learning environment in the universities plays an important role in producing highly competent graduates especially in nursing profession. Thus, the most important as- pects are the teaching activities and as well as student – teacher interaction in daily environment in the university. To investigate the International Islamic University Malay- si

In 2005, Yang, Wang, and Chang proposed an improved timestamp-based password authentication scheme in an attempt to overcome the flaws of Yang-Shieh’s legendary timestamp-based remote authentication scheme using smart cards. After analyzing the improved scheme proposed by Yang-Wang-Chang, we have found that their scheme is still insecure and vuln

This book aims to cast some light on the theme of Muslim funerary architecture, thus attempting to render the answers on some crucial questions often asked about it. The book focuses on the origins, roles and significance of funerary architecture in Islamic civilization. It follows that discussing the plans and structural designs of funerary struct