This study aimed to determine the prevalence, symptoms, and associated factors of chronic constipation among older adults in the North-East of Peninsular Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among older patients from four health clinics. A total of 400 older patients participated, with a mean age of 68.7 (SD = 6.4) years. The prevalence

In this paper, we report on the fabrication and testing of a hydrogel-actuated smart microvalve for biomedical applications. The three-layered microvalve is composed of a stimuli-sensitive ìintelligentî hydrogel sandwiched between a porous silicon membrane and a bossed PDMS flexible diaphragm. The entrapped hydrogel in response to changes in the

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the predictive factors of physician visits in Malaysian older people with chronic constipation. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 129 community-dwelling older people aged 60 years old and self-reported chronic constipation. The data were obtained from a multicenter health clini

Proshika, the second largest NGO in Bangladesh, follows the participatory development approach for the socioeconomic development and empwoerment of poor women in Bangladesh. However, proshika is heavily criticized and opposed by some quaters especially Islamic groups for its alleged controvertial activities. This paper examines Proshika's parti

One of the skills that can be taught in an English proficiency class that adopts literary texts for teaching the language is critical thinking. The background, characters and their motives are among those that invite critical inquiry and interpretation. Although it has been claimed that discussing literary texts in the traditional way can help deve

Remote data acquisition is of critical importance in applications such as machine health monitoring in heavy industries and energy consumption in the cases of electricity consumer population spreading over a wide geographical area. Remote measuring units with wireless means for transmission have extended the scope of measurements in cases that are

This paper presents an experimental investigation to study the effectiveness of micro-jets to control base pressure in suddenly expanded axi-symmetric ducts. Four micro-jets of 1 mm orifice diameter located at 900 interval along a pitch circle diameter of 1.3 times the nozzle exit diameter in the base region was employed as active controls. The Mac

The effectiveness of micro jets to control base pressure in suddenly expanded axi-symmetric ducts has been presented in this paper. Four micro jets of 1 mm orifice diameter located at 90° intervals along a pitch circle diameter of 1.3 times the nozzle exit diameter in the base region were employed as active controls. The Mach numbers of the sudden

الأدب الواقعيّ مرآة تعكس حال المجتمع الواقعيّ وكذلك انعكاس للنّفسيّات البشريّة العميقة، ولكنه لا يخلو من الخيال؛ فالخيال هو عنصر مهمّ في الأدب، بل ويعدّ ركنا أساسًا فيه، وقد يغير الخيال مجرى

This article aims to study the primary and secondary definition of atheism and theists according to the Western and Islamic Perspectives. This research will highlight some of the typologies of atheists, sociological and psychological conditions of atheist and self-identified atheists in modern ideologies. A further discussion and exploration will a