Part I of the paper argued that fiat money is counterproductive to the attainment of the maqasid al-Shari’ah. In the present interest-based fiat monetary system one of the maqasid, namely, the protection of wealth (mal) cannot be realized, which in turn causes the other maqasid to be affected too. In this Part II paper we argue for commodity moni

Within a society, ongoing urbanisation can lead to the increasing importance of urban green spaces as contributors to the quality of the urban environment and urban life globally. Forest and tree resources are known to have a wide range of socio-cultural, economic and environmental values. The value of the forest is also increasingly recognised as

Sleep quality is one of the domains of sleep. Having adequate quality sleep is definedas one’s “feeling fresh” after waking-up. Inadequate sleep quality results in sleep insufficiencyproducing a variety of symptoms and signs. The central nervous system is affected the most inchildren, although other system too may be involved. Several factors

In the tertiary educational setting, learning is often taken place in a classroom environment that is too formal. Thus, to break the norm and to make learning enjoyable, exploration of a new method of knowledge dissemination using Augmented Reality (AR) was experimented in the teaching and learning of steel construction in architectural education.

Background: High prevalence of high-risk behaviours and concurrent medical illnesses among opioid drug users would influence the outcome of Methadone Maintenance Programme. It would also require a special medical attention to contain these issues. Objectives: This study explored patients’ characteristics and their high-risk behaviours in order to

Image watermarking techniques proposed different algorithm schemes to improve performance quality. For a medical image, the watermarking techniques are required to give significant attention to achieve the highest imperceptibility performance to remain visual quality. That is why this paper analyzes two different watermarking algorithm schemes: ima

Secondary Sjogrens syndrome (sSs) is one of the autoimmune diseases that are covered by a big term Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Estrogen level was measured for both secondary Sjogren`s syndrome (sSs) and control females, anti Ro (SSA) & anti La (SSB) tests were also measured for sSs patients. the aim of this study was to find out the relation bet

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been synthesized by a gas phase double stage chemical vapor deposition (DS-CVD) technique using acetylene (C2H2) and hydrogen (H2) as precursor gases. The morphology and the structure of CNTs were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FSEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The CNTs

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been synthesized by a gas phase double stage chemical vapor deposition (DS-CVD) technique using acetylene (C2H2) and hydrogen (H2) as precursor gases. The morphology and the structure of CNTs were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FSEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The CNTs

The two-step enzymatic hydrolysis of sweet sorghum and cassava were performed by commercially available α-amylase and glucoamylase and further ethanol fermentation of the obtained hydrolyzates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied. For both sweet sorghum and cassava, the hydrolysis and fermentation were done in a 2 L stirred tank bioreactor, B-