our previous study found the retinal vessel diameter measurement using summary formula has no significant difference for the multiple retinal images of the same person, while the individual vessel measures show the significant difference. It was speculated that the revised formula summarizing the individual measures and therefore against variation.

ASEAN-5 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand) exports have been growing rapidly over the last decades. However, the growth may negatively affect welfare if it is followed by deterioration in the terms of trade, as implied by the standard Armington trade model. But the expansion of the variety of products exported may thwart th

Reading is one of the important academic skills and is often associated with students’ academic performance and achievement (Brown, 2007; Bishop, 2003; Krashen, 1995). This suggests that students’ ability to perform successfully in the content area is correlated with their ability to read and comprehend texts. However, the time spent for readin

The study was an investigation of how tertiary level language education evolved in Malaysian universities since 1966. In line with the National Higher Education Strategic Plan (2007), the study seeks to profile the range of languages, linguistics, and literature courses and their strengths and unique features across all language departments of diff

لو أي تعليم اللغات لغير أبنائها من صعوبات ومشكلات تواجه المتعلمين. وتعود هذه الصعوبات والمشكلات إلى مصادر مختلفة منها الطُّرق، والأساليب، والوسائل، والمداخل، والمناهج، والمعلمين، والمتعلّم

Tourism industry is one of the largest service industries in Malaysia and it has great impact on national economy. The main objective of this study is to explore the factors that lead to tourist's satisfaction in terms of Islamic tourist destinations. This research will conduct 3 stages of data analysis: exploratory factor analysis; confirmator

Malaysia is one of the largest furniture exporting countries of the world. Behind the success of this industry there are several competitive advantages which are rare and difficult to copy by its competing nations. Hence the importance of measuring competitive advantages of the furniture industry of Malaysia has arisen. The concept ‘competitivees

This study was trying to explore factors that lead to tourist’s loyalty inn terms of choice tourist destinations .This research was conducted three stages of data analysis for instance: descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis; and multiple regression analysis to test the hypothesis. Multiple Regressions was employed to identify the re

Ethics refers to a set of rules that define right and wrong behavior, used for moral decision making. In this case, computer ethics is one of the major issues in information technology (IT) and information system (IS). The ethical behaviour of IT students and professionals need to be studied in an attempt to reduce many unethical practices such as

Retina biometric has applications on high security access control systems. The interference of lighting and deformation of viewpoint in the retina image acquisition have impact on the process of retina feature extraction and matching. In this paper, we propose a method using color histogram as the trait of retina biometric. The color histogram has