Digital watermarking is distinctive depending on the techniques used and its intended applications. This paper concentrates on invisible digital image watermarking using discrete wavelet transform. The workflow inyolyes watermark embedding, attacks and watermark extraction. Two ntethods are proposed and analyzed to imply the perceptibility and robu

Priapism is caused by an imbalance between penile blood inflow and outflow. There are two types of priapism: low-flow priapism due to venous occlusion and high-flow priapism due to uncontrolled arterial flow to the veins. High-flow priapism most frequently occurs as a result of penile trauma in which the intercavernosal artery disruption causes an

In all business, there will always be business risks, be it calculated or uncalculated risks. Other than finding the right investments or business, it is also important for businessmen to know the means to limit the liability in business. In such a matter, the choice of business vehicle is vital. At present, the Malaysian market place only offers s

Muscle and feather in tissue of 40 juveniles and 40 adult green-lipped mussel Perna veridis (L.) collected from Muar Estuary, Johor were analyzed for copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) concentration using a fast and sensitive Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). In this study, the average concentration of Cu was 8.

Although many studies were done in the past on expatriate adjustment issues, expatriate performance issues have not been addressed systematically, particularly from individual traits and capabilities perspectives by using relevant theories of intelligence. This paper presents a conceptual analysis of "cultural intelligence" (CQ) by describi

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is the latest technology for automatic identification, which allows the transmission of a unique serial number wirelessly. Power control module of RFID reader is used to perform digital signal processing techniques and procedures over the received data from the RFID readers. A high linearity CMOS RF (radio freq

In our previous work [1], a mechanism for handling movement detection using a proposed agent-based architecture for mobility management was described. This architecture, referred here as AMP - Agent-based Mobility Protocol, consists of a collaborative multi-agent system that enhances user/node mobility over an IP-based network. Specifically, mobili

This paper presents a scrutinized investigation on system identification using artificial neural network (ANNs). The main goal for this work is to emphasis the potential benefits of this architecture for real system identification. Among the most prevalent networks are multi-layered perceptron NNs using Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) training algorithm a

In this research, an architecture called the Agent-based Mobility Protocol (AMP) comprising a multi-agent system residing in both the mobile host(s) and the access networks has been developed for the purpose of enhancing mobility management in IP-based networks. The agent system on the mobile host was designed and subsequently built using an agent

In this paper, we demonstrate the effect of electrodynamic focusing through a gold-coated PDMS shadow mask on the selective deposition of electrospun nanofibers. Under a suitable applied voltage, the PDMS mask repels the fibers from its surface while simultaneously forcing them into micron-sized holes and onto a collecting substrate. The presented