Cognitive radio is a technique proposed by Mitola which provides a way to efficiently use precious radio spectrum resources [1, 2]. A cognitive radio recognizes, analyzes, and learns the situations of the radio spectrum and then employs various strategies to maximize spectrum usage. The concept of cognitive radio is to detect and ascertain \vhich a

Different aspects of social networks have increasingly been under investigation from last decades. The social network studies range in various viewpoints from the structural and node measures to the information diffusion processes. The key node identification has been one of the limelight topics of social network analysis (SNA) specifically in a di

This chapter places special emphasis on sensor networks applications in a battlefield.When a sensor network is used to monitor soldiers' movements in a battlefield, information about the soIdiers' whereabouts is sent back to the base station and accessed by commanders in the headquarters as shown in Figure 33.1. Before the fight, planes fly

The objective of this chapter is to discuss Al Kindi's contributions in the field of engineering including the theory of light, optics and cryptology. The research framework is Al Kindi's contributions to light including act of seeing, motion of rectilinear property of light, visual rays and perceptionCHAPTER EIGHTEEN THECONTRIBUTION OFIBN

The fall of New Order Regime under President Suharto saw the emergence of Reformasi (Reformation) and the beginning of various institutional and governmental changes done in the pursuit of democracy in Indonesia. Constitutional justice is fundamental to the success of democratic transition in the country. One of the results democratic reform and co

Blade design of the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) is an important parameter that determines the reliability and efficiency of a wind turbine. It is important to optimize the capture of the energy in the wind that can be correlated to the power coefficient (Cp) of HAWT system. In this paper, nature-inspired algorithms, e.g., ant colony optimiz

The rapid development of technology has enabled the creation of artificial intelligence. Even the most vocal critics against artificial intelligence and automated systems acknowledge the tremendous benefits offered by this new technology as can be seen in various aspects of human life from trade and commerce, healthcare, safety and security, transp

Nature based solutions have received considerable attention for water and land quality restoration and potential for sustainability management. The use of naturally occurring permaculture of non-pathogenic microorganisms known as Effective Microorganisms (EM) have gain reputation in the past few years in the South East Asia due to its environmental

In this paper, an Ultra-wideband Balance Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna in planar and h-plane array configuration is presented. The comparison of four elements of BAVA array in both planes has been observed. Each element of an antenna printed on the glass-reinforced epoxy laminate material (FR4) with a thickness of 1.5mm and relative permittivity of 4.3

In this paper, A Novel 1 to 4 modified Wilkinson power divider operating over the frequency range of (3 GHz to 8 GHz) is proposed. The design perception of the proposed divider based on two different stages and printed on FR4 (Epoxy laminate material) with the thickness of 1.57mm and ϵr =4.3 respectively. The modified design of this power divider