Kedudukan dan peranan perkhidmatan awam dijelaskan oleh Suruhanjaya Reid dalam laporan mereka. Ini dibuat dalam konteks demokrasi berpelembagaan. Di bawah skema ini perkhidmatan awam dikehendaki berkecuali dan tidak memihak keran ia diberi peranan menjalankan kerja dan khidmat kepada rakyat. Perkhidmatan awam juga perlu memberi nasihat dan kepakara

Umumnnya krisis politik tidak sesuai untuk dihawa ke mahkamah.Bagaimanapun ini sukar dielakkan jika sistem politik gagal membuat penyelesaian.Di Perak keputusan sultan menolak permintaan Nizar untuk membubar dewan awal 5 Februari lalu jelas telah meletakkan negeri di dalam krisis.Ada laporan mengatakan bahawa ia menyebabkan prestasi ekonomi negeri

Di sisi perlembagaan para hakim dimestikan bersumpah untuk mempertahankan Perlembagaan taktala mula dilantik menjalankan tugas. Dalam perkara 72(1) Perlembagaan Persekutuan yang tidak membenarkan makamah campur tangan dalam urusan dewan telah dilanggar. Selain itu, kuasa memecat menteri besar yang tidak disebut oleh perlembagaan pun telah diiktiraf

People are being displaced from their places of living because of adverse weather conditions, rise of sea level and desertification caused by global warming. These displaced people are either ‘Internally displaced people’ or ‘irregular migrants’. If appropriate measure is not taken to substantially reduce green house gas emissions, the numb

The ferritic stainless steel is a low cost alternative to the most often adopted austenitic stainless steel due to its higher strength, better ductility and superior corrosion resistance in caustic and chloride environments. However, the application of ferritic steel is limited because of poor ductility and notch impact toughness of its weld sectio

This new technology is realized by Photo Resist Lithography and Ni-Co Electro Fine Forming technology, and enables the design of a small contact spring for applications requiring high density, high speed and high durability. The evaluation result proved the capability of Low Normal Force (0.10N-0.15N at 0.3mm) at contact point (5μm radius), durabi

There is an increasing use of predictive tools in modeling microstructural features of welds towards eliminating weld defects and optimizing mechanical properties. Significant attraction in these tools is that they forecast weld character from a variety of process parameters and thus ensure the production of tailored weld microstructure with improv

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus, L.) is a short day, annual, herbaceous plant processing high quality cellulose. The whole plant can be used as pulp in paper industry, composite industry, and electronic industry. Initially, kenaf was introduced in Malaysia as a high protein animal feed in 2000. Trend towards environmental sustainability and development

The present invention relates to a biomass (kenaf fibre) that can be hydrolyzed to produce lactic acid using bacteria Lactobacillus Rhamnosus as fermenting organism. The above cited prior art D1 defines the general state of the art whereas D2 to D4 seem to have particular relevance to the present invention. D4 disclosed in it detailed description o

Every year more than 100,000,000 polyethylene terephtalate (PET) bottles are used in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei. Out of this gigantic figure, 85,000,000 PET bottles end up as garbage and caused the landfills to be dumped by the PET bottle toxic wastes that leach into the soil. This may pollute and endangers our environment particularly our drin