Modeling and design of a single photon detector and its various characteristics are presented. It is a type of avalanche photo diode (APD) designed to suit the requirements of a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) detection system. The device is modeled to operate in a gated mode at liquid nitrogen temperature for minimum noise and maximum gain. Differe

The Performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) combined with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) has been analyzed in presence of fiber optic dispersion. The influence of dispersion on the (OFDM) spectrum is investigated with fiber lengths, bit rates, no. of channels and source line widths. The inter-channel interference occ

Many configurations of EDFA producing triple pass EDFAs have been used, however, only two configurations are commonly used in the optical fiber communication system due to their high performance. Those two configurations are configured in a double stage EDFA. The first configuration is (configuration A) consists of a single-pass EDFA as the first s

As the main statute on consumer protection in Malaysia, the Consumer Protection Act 1999 deals with various aspects of consumer protection including a supply of goods. The CPA not only provides a new set of guarantees which are implied in every contract of supply of goods to consumers but also introduces a different remedial scheme in cases of brea

In this work, various activated carbons have been prepared by steam activation from oil palm empty fruit bunches to study the effect of activation temperature, activation time and steam flow rate. Series of batch laboratory experiments were conducted in order to investigate the feasibility of activated carbon – derived from oil palm empty fruit b

Security is the most tedious problem in highly sensitive communications. Quantum security is the key issue in solving the problem. A key distribution protocol based on the use of hash functions is proposed. The essential part of the protocol depends on sending a string of random characters from sender to receiver. Then, a selected hash or a cascade

This research reports the study that aims to enhance the activity of xanthine oxidase inhibitor, a secondary metabolite, found in Chrysanthemum indicum and to identify the most suitable elicitors with the optimize elicitation time and concentration. Many plant species are well known source of secondary metabolite with a variety of biological activi

This paper discusses a new pseudo modeling technique for the generation of retina fundus image (RFI) mask. The model coefficients necessary for the generation of the mask has been estimated from the synaptic weights of real-valued neural network. Performance analysis of the newly proposed three step technique has been evaluated using DRIVE database

Increasing number of traditional vehicles threaten the economical development, pollutes our air and creating environmental hazards. Urban areas in UAE are currently facing growing traffic congestion by rising air pollution as a result of vast growth of population and consequently number of vehicles in the last twenty years. The spotlight of this st

This paper discusses about a useful mechanism that has been built to guide the decision makers in how to make decision for certain problem using AHP method. AHP is one of multi-criteria decision making tools that have been used in decision making. This system will provide an accurate and acceptable result based on several criteria and lternatives p