The aim of the study was to elucidate the full-length characteristics of HCV genome (genotype 3) in an acute HCV infection. Serum samples were obtained from an acute patient (MAL 43) and one confirmed chronic HCV infected patient (MAL 22). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to amplify the conserve regions of 5’U

Artificial reef is defined as a man-made, underwater structure, typically built for the purpose of promoting marine life in areas of generally featureless bottom. It has long become alternative in order to alleviate human impact in coastal ecosystem and enhancing fisheries. This study evaluated artificial reefs in Tioman Island in terms of coral as

All the international and regional human rights instruments, and national constitutions based on these instruments, acknowledge the ‘right to liberty’ as a fundamental human right and they are designed to protect the individual against arbitrary arrest or detention. With one significant exception, Article 9 of ICCPR, Article 5 of the European C

Statistics shows that car production in the world is the increasing yearly as well as car theft attempts. Many international and local companies have good effort in term of producing car security systems, but the result is still less than expectations since the number of car theft cases are still increases. The thieves are developing their capabili

Software engineering techniques and tools are required to develop or build any computer-based applications. The task of developing Software applications is a complex, expensive and ethical engineering which requires qualified software engineering professionally and ethically. Studies and literature denoted that software engineering professionals st

A flat gain Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is demonstrated using a gain media of high concentration Silica-based erbium doped fiber (EDF). The amplifier has one stage comprising a 1.5 m and 9 m long EDF optimized for C-band and L-band operations respectively, in a single-pass and double-pass configuration. The CFBG is used at the end of EDF to

The Objectives of this study are twofold: first, it is to investigate whether contagion effect of U.S sub-prime crisis present among Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) stock market; second, it is to evaluate the impact of U.S sub-prime crisis on the long-run and short-run dynamic relationships between GCC stock markets and leading conventional and Isla

This paper introduces and assesses the concept of the recently invented thermoelectrically controlled micronozzle (TECMN). A generalized quasi-one-dimensional model for gas flow, which is influenced by area variation and by wall heat transfer, is considered. In order to assess the merits of wall temperature control in micronozzles, the flow in the

The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is the only human rights treaty to which all Muslim States are parties. The main objective of this paper is to look into the difficulties of Muslim States in the implementation of the Convention and a special reference is given to the Malaysian experience. The primary sources of reference are country

This study examines the effects of owner manager characteristics on environmental scanning practice of Malaysia‟s SMEs Award Winners, E50 SMEs. It investigates the relationship between E50 SMEs owner manager environmental scanning need and environmental scanning practice. Based on the constructs of the measures, a research scale was developed for