This article analyses the history of civil society organisations (CSOs) in Iraqi Kurdistan, which has passed through several stages due to the attitudes of the political systems that have ruled Iraq. In this regard, under the rule of several Iraqi governments, CSOs in Iraqi Kurdistan were banned and repressed from their inception until 1991 because

Creative thinking skills are one of the most appreciated tools of leading in various domains of human life. Although most studies focus more on certain vital sectors like innovation and industry, the creative thinking skill can be considered an effective tool to be utilized in other social subjective fields that concerns focus more on the wellbeing

Introduction: Improper storage and disposal of medications can cause pollution in the environment. Developing effective interventions tailored to local practices is important to reduce pharmaceutical wastage. Little is known concerning how Malaysian outpatients use, store, and dispose medicines. This study aimed to explore the experiences, challeng

Despite the importance of rare earth elements in modern technologies, the establishment of rare earth plants often faces strong opposition from the community due to a fear of environmental impacts. This study examines information about actual and perceived pollution produced by a rare earth plant in Malaysia, Lynas Advanced Material Plant (LAMP), a

Introduction: Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on educational sections and is required to close down due to the transmission of the coronavirus. The newly developed online learning is the most reliable option to resume the education process by preventing the academic calendar from accumulating and minimizing learning los

Despite its significant adverse impacts on the environment, society, and economy, food waste is unavoidable around the world. The increase in population and income will worsen the situation and put more pressure on food security. This paper explores the problem and the factors that are influencing food waste in Malaysia. It also discusses a propose

Introduction: Medication wastage is attributable to various factors, including therapeutic failure, over-prescription, and poor compliance. Data regarding the cost and types of returned medications are essential to estimate the financial burden that can be reduced locally through targeted intervention. This study aimed to investigate the types and

Students are active users of the online platforms using it for academic purposes and daily activities including online payment transactions or e-banking. Thus, they are vulnerable to online fraud threats imposed by perpetrators. Developing cyber resilience will help them prepare for, adapt to, and recover from online fraud threats. In explaining th

Communication through social media is a common thing nowadays as technology advances throughout the year. Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, WhatsApp have changed people’s lives with the internet based communication that is no longer bound to time and distance. The purpose of this study is to examine the politeness strategies used by social media users

LETTERS: SCHOOL harassment and bullying are prevalent in Malaysia, with about 14,000 cases reported between 2012 and 2015. Bullying should be seen as a systemic problem and a failure to respond would result in an increased rate of depression, aggressive behaviour, social anxiety, higher risk of suicide attempts and criminal behaviour. It affects ev