The International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) was founded in 1983 upon a renewed awareness of the perennial values of the teachings in the Al-Quran and Sunnah and is dedicated to the reorientation of the ummah and mankind towards this end. The first Mission Statement of IIUM stated that it would ‘…undertake the special and greatly nee

This book discusses several vital, yet often misunderstood, themes pertaining to the history and character of the Islamic built environment. The themes discussed are: - An introduction to the character of early Islamic architecture (from 11H/632CE to 97H/715CE) - A reading of the philosophy of rich decoration in Islamic architecture - City planning

This book discusses the philosophy of decoration in Islamic architecture. The book, however, is not written from a pure architecture perspective. The nature of its studies is a philosophical or conceptual rather than a empirical one. The book is divided into five chapters. The first two chapters, namely “The Concept of Decoration in the Holy Qur&

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented disruptions not only to our health and wellbeing but also to our socio-norms, economy, politics, culture and education, to name a few. Most countries that have been affected have taken drastic action by implementing a lockdown to flatten the curve of infection. The Malaysian government has imposed a Mo

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on several loci and mutations on PTEN tumor suppressor gene (10q23.3) occur frequently in sporadic gliomas. We have performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-LOH analysis using microsatellite markers and single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis to determine the incidence of allelic losses on chromosom

Recent advances in neuro-oncology have revealed different pathways of molecular oncogenesis in malignant gliomas including loss of heterozygosity on chromosomal regions harboring tumor suppressor genes. In the present study, we performed polymerase chain reaction-loss of heterozygosity (PCR-LOH) analysis using microsatellite markers to identify los

The positioning systems generally need a good controller to achieve high accuracy, fast response and robustness. In addition, ease of controller design and simplicity of controller structure are very important for practical application. For satisfying these requirements, NCTF (nominal characteristic trajectory following controller) has been propose

In this paper, a gas-kinetic solver is developed to solve Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations in two-space dimensions generalized coordinates. The convection flux terms which appear on the left hand side of the RANS equations are discretized by a semi-discrete finite difference method. Then, the resulting inviscid flux functions are ap

Miniaturization has been and will continue to be the trend of research and development. A number of microfabrication processes have been developed for the realization of three-dimensional microcomponents. Among these techniques, the micromolding process is one of the key technologies for low-cost mass production of sub-millimeter sized components,

Recent application of nanomaterials as adsorbent for heavy metals removal has shown remarkable results which is largely due their mechanical and physical properties. In this work, feasibility of using novel carbon nanomaterials as adsorbent for the removal of copper, nickel and lead ions from an industrial wastewater by the adsorption process was i