This paper presents the development of a low cost smart traffic controller system. The proposed smart traffic controller system consists of two parts, which are the controller hardware and the software. The controller hardware is developed based on 8-kb MCS-51 microcontroller and equipped with a character LCD to monitor the internal timer, Real Tim

Nominal characteristic trajectory following (NCTF) controller had been proposed as a practical control method of point-to-point (PTP) positioning systems. Basically the NCTF controller composes of two elements namely nominal characteristic trajectory (NCT) and a compensator. As the NCTF controller is designed based on a simple open loop response of

Sejak mata pelajaran Sejarah diserap dalam Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah (KBSM) sebagai kurikulum teras, usaha-usaha untuk meningkatkan keberkesanan pembelajaran Sejarah dalam kalangan pelajar diberikan tumpuan khusus. Hal ini diakui oleh Nik Azleena Nik Ismail (2007) bahawa pembelajaran Sejarah perlu lebih radikal, menarik dan bersifat sema

An essay on the life and works of Lloyd Fernando, a Malaysian writer, who is often credited with the first Malaysian novel in the English language, Scorpion Orchid, published in 1976. The article examines Fernando's contributions to Malaysian literature and his overall significance as one of the pioneering figures in the field.

2009 Issue. (This issue states the law as at 19 March 2009)

The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the internship programme at Taysir al-Arabia company in empowering Arabic language skills among students and to determine the effectiveness of internship through planning, implementation and evaluation. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researchers used the qualitative method which inv

As more socially and environmentally conscious consumers, investors and wider stakeholders have started to question the business practices of organizations, so firms have had to review their business and marketing strategies, the way they produce their products and deliver services from a corporate social responsibility (CSR) and business/marketing

The recently ratified Low Level Reader Protocol (LLRP) specifies the interaction between a RFID Reader and Client. It has been of much interest in the RFID community but adoption is being stalled by its lack of formal scrutiny especially with regard to its security. This paper surveys the work that has been undertaken on this protocol, assesses its

Plants are regularly exposed to unfavorable conditions that impose stress. Lead (Pb), is one of the major pollutants in the environment that causes serious public health and environmental concerns. Increasing levels of lead could also have severe consequences for plants. Plants exposed to lead stress initiate signaling pathways, and make specific c

Urban poverty is inextricably linked to rural poverty. In fact, the former is caused by the latter. The ‘Pull’ and the ‘Push’ factors can significantly explain the prevailing dismal conditions associated with urban poverty. While the goal of faster development manifest through commercialization, modernization and urbanization contributed to