The objective of this research is to critically evaluate the performance indicators which are used in previous studies and propose a comprehensive indicator to check the performance of selected Islamic and Conventional banks of Pakistan over the period of 2011–2016. The comprehensive indicator of performance is comprised of indicator of profitabi

The bioactive flavonoid compounds of Strobilanthes crispus (Pecah Kaca) leaves obtained by using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction were investigated and the obtained crude extract yields were compared in order to select the best operation parameters. Since carbon dioxide is a non-polar solvent, ethanolwas used as co-solvent to increa

This paper presents a model based controller with immune inspired algorithm to suppress flexible plate vibration. Artificial immune network (AiNet) algorithm with real-valued random initialisation of antibodies is considered to optimise the system model for use in active vibration controller development in a single-input and multi-output (SIMO) con

The idea that a sperm or egg might be formed outside of a gonad is perhaps as bizarre today as human assisted conception and test-tube babies were 30-40 years ago and has received a similar amount of media copy. Here, we review briefly the derivation of mammalian germ cells and sperm cells from embryonic stem cells in vitro, ask whether these metho

The present study aims to investigate crude n-hexane, diethyl ether (Et2O), ethanol (EtOH) and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) extracts of Cosmos caudatus Kunth leaves for their antimicrobial potential against 5 microbial strains comprising 2 Gram positive bacteria: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, 2 Gram negative bacteria: Escherichia col

This paper presents the results of an experimental work carried out to find the wall pressure distribution in a suddenly enlarged duct. The enlarged duct is attached to the exit of a convergent- divergent axisymmetric nozzle. The area ratio (i.e. ratio between cross sectional arean of the sudden expansion duct and the nozzle exit area) considered i

This paper presents results of an experimental investigation to study the effectiveness of micro jets to control the base pressure in suddenly expanded axi-symmetric ducts when the micro jets are placed at different location (i.e. at the base, at the duct, and at base as well as at the duct). The purpose of this study is to study the individual as

The primary duty of Islamic banks and financial institutions in Malaysia is to carry out Islamic banking and financial activities and to offer products that are in accordance with Islamic teachings. These products are subject to the scrutiny and approval of the Bank Negara's Shariah Advisory Council ('SAC') and the internal Shariah Advi

This study is divided into two parts. The first part of the study utilises econometric models to assess the economic performance of clients participating in the microcredit programme of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM). Several proxies are used for the economic performance variable (dependent variable), including level of earnings/income, ratio of spe

Malaysia became a wealthy, urbanised, and industrialised country during the next three and a half decades as a consequence of fast economic development and structural changes. Farmers in rural Malaysia, on the other hand, continue to suffer from poverty. As a consequence, farmers account for the majority of Malaysia's poor. The gap between thos