Objectives: The present study was design to identify the significant biomarkers from M.charantia that possessing antioxidant activity using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based metabolomics approaches. Design and method: Initially, the fruit was extracted by soaking in different solvents with different concentrations of ethanol in

Food plays an important role in the social, cultural and religious life of many communities. Food which is consumed by Muslims must meet the Islamic dietary code and this code is called halal. Halal is derived from the Arabic word meaning lawful or permitted. The demand for Halal products is increasing especially in Muslim country. However, the res

As the e-learning technology continued to evolve, targeting antecedents to it effectiveness in Malaysia can be a prerequisite to increasing the success rate of this initiative. Students use e-learning for their schooling activities, learn by accessing the e-learning portal through teachers’ instruction and guidance. Even though, without better un

Faruqi’s project of Islamization mainly focused on social sciences because the social science dealt with man and society. It had somewhat neglected scrutinizing modern natural science arguing that natural science dealt with nature and therefore neutral and objective (Kalin, 2002). However, it is the natural science methodology that dominates and

The effect of pistachio hull water extracts (PHWE) at different levels on quality of chicken burger during storage at 4 ± 1°C was investigated. Differences between treatments parameters means were separated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). There was no significant difference in fat, protein, and ash contents of the burgers. The increase in PHW

This paper presents the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis to study the effect of area ratio i.e. the ratio of enlarged duct area to nozzle exit area on velocity distribution along axis by varying the nozzle pressure ratios. The convergent-divergent nozzle and suddenly expanded circular duct of larger cross-sectional area are used for analy

This paper presents the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis to study the effect geometry and flow parameters on thrust force created by the flow from convergent divergent nozzles to a suddenly expanded circular duct of larger cross-sectional area. The study is focusing on resultant thrust force. The nozzles are designed for Mach numbers 1.1,

The current bus systems adopted by many towns and rural areas in Malaysia, are not fully equipped to address the needs of the settlement forms, and socio-demographic and trip characteristics of the good urbanization process. These systems have portrayed a bad image on the overall connectivity and mobility in the urban or rural areas of Malaysia. St

Most applications of data envelopment analysis (DEA) employ standard constant or variable returns-to-scale models. In this paper we suggest that these models may sometimes underutilize our knowledge of the underlying production process. For example, in the context of higher education considered in the reported application, individual universities o

The right of self-defense under Islamic law (Shariah) distinguishes between two concepts: private and public defense. In this article, legal and practical manifestations of the contemporary legal issue of private defense in the case of physical assaults made by non-accountable (mukallaf) offenders, such as minors and insane persons are focused. Asi