Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are an autonomous system of a set of mobile nodes connected by shared wireless links, forming a temporary network without relying on any infrastructure. MANETs characteristics include self-organizing, self-configuring, multihop communication, continuous mobility and strict resource limitation. These characteristics c

Multicasting is a useful communication scheme that facilitates group communication. Multicasting can improve the efficiency of the wireless link when sending multiple copies of messages. Multicast is a relatively unexplored research area, when it is compared with Unicast [I]. Over the past few years, several multicast routing protocols have been pr

Why PATHBRITE? It is one of the many online learning tools that have helped teachers and educators alike transform students into becoming active learners via the use of engaging and dynamic platforms, templates and big data analytics. It is known as a next generation portfolio or commonly called “e-portfolio tool”. It was launched in Austin, Te

Breast cancer metastases to the base of the skull with concomitant infiltration into the paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx are exceptionally rare with only small numbers of reported literatures. Greenberg et al. in 1981 described five clinical syndromes with regards to the base of skull metastases and the clinical presentation of each syndrome rela

Momordica cochinchinensis, or Gac fruit belongs to Cucurbitaceae family. Although this species is considered to be native in Southeast Asia especially in Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, it is still contemplated as a rare and new fruit species in Malaysia. Availability of this species is very limited in Malaysia hence, the raw material for researches is

Concern for green technologies with efforts to strive for the quality environment can be achieved via VGSs. The systems provide multiple benefits by restoring greenery in urban landscapes. In general, they help improving environmental, social, economic, and ecological values. Green technologies have been in the industry for more than a decade. Howe

The 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technique is a key aspect of studies of microbial communities but does not provide direct evidence of a community's functional capabilities. This work aimed to assess the structure of the uncultured bacterial communities from two locations in Lake Tuz in Turkey to provide information on their roles in the lake e

Introduction: Many school students who own electronic gadget spent most of their time on it. As a result, both of the aspect of academic achievement and health status is affected as they are too dependent on electronic gadget. Objective: The general objective of this study was to determine the association of electronic gadget use with academic perf

Most parts of the world are seeing cases of COVID-19 outbreaks. The 2019 pandemic of novel coronavirus, SARS CoV-2, has expanded from its original centre - Wuhan, China to a growing number of countries worldwide including our nation Malaysia. Although authorities in China and some other countries have succeeded in slowing their outbreaks, the situa

The most essential carotenoids for humans are found in plants that are normally yellow, orange, and red coloured pigments. They are typically and mostly lipophilic in nature, but some unique plant species may yield watersoluble carotenoids. Saffron or Crocus sativus contains hydrophilic carotenoids named crocin. Thus, this paper will describe the e