Faruqi’s project of Islamization mainly focused on social sciences because the social science dealt with man and society. It had somewhat neglected scrutinizing modern natural science arguing that natural science dealt with nature and therefore neutral and objective (Kalin, 2002). However, it is the natural science methodology that dominates and

Most applications of data envelopment analysis (DEA) employ standard constant or variable returns-to-scale models. In this paper we suggest that these models may sometimes underutilize our knowledge of the underlying production process. For example, in the context of higher education considered in the reported application, individual universities o

The current bus systems adopted by many towns and rural areas in Malaysia, are not fully equipped to address the needs of the settlement forms, and socio-demographic and trip characteristics of the good urbanization process. These systems have portrayed a bad image on the overall connectivity and mobility in the urban or rural areas of Malaysia. St

This paper discusses the need to develop ELT materials for Muslim learners and the importance, when developing these materials, of addressing the cognitive and affective domains, and for the materials to be rich in moral values so that they are able to provide a means for students to think, reflect upon, and discuss issues of relevance to them, whi

The very long period of Dutch colonialism in Indonesia still has a very significant impact on Indonesia, including on Java as part of Nusantara. Javanese people as the largest population in Indonesia were greatly affected by the de-Islamization process during the Dutch colonial period. This process not only estranged Javanese people from Islamic va

This study explore the stage bus performance of 48 routes within selected urban and regional settlements in Peninsula Malaysia, using a quantitative traffic engineering measure known as Level of Service standards or LOS and validated through the evaluation of passengers' satisfaction level. The findings on the level of service (LOS) highlight t

his paper focuses on assessing the features of bus services offered in selected urban and rural settlements in Malaysia. Five definitions of public transport level of services (LOS) according to Transportation Research Board are adopted. Assessment of the LOS has been conducted using both quantitative and qualitative methods of primary and secondar

This study explored ways of integrating Islamic content into ELT materials for the benefit of Muslim learners' language and faith. After analysing the literature, a sample of ELT materials was prepared to be used in conjunction with an inquiry-based pedagogy known as ‘Community of Inquiry’ (CI). This combination was termed ‘English for Re

Motivation is recognized as a set of beliefs that drive and sustain behaviour and is an important precursor to learning and success in school (Kiefer, Alley, and Ellerbrock (2015). Motivation in learning has consistently been linked to reduced dropout and increased level of student success. The term motivation is often used to describe what gets pe

This paper reports on the investigation of rural public bus routing and passengers’ boarding and alighting point detection using the application of GPS and GIS methods. Using the case study of rural bus operation in Kerian District of Perak, Malaysia, the two methods of GPS points captured during onboard survey and GIS mapping were deployed. The