The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of three exogenous constructs; consumer racism, ethnic-based consumer ethnocentrism and ethnic-based consumer animosity towards Malay consumers' product judgement and willingness to buy Chinese products. First, this chapter discusses the results from the main samples and analyzes the relati

This paper makes an instrumental analysis of intervocalic /r/ and pre-consonantal /r/ in Penang Malay Dialect produced by two Malaysian Malay undergraduate speakers. The focus is on the vowel quality of intervocalic /r/ and pre-consonantal /r/ which includes three levels of analysis: perception analysis, acoustic analysis, and phonological rules. T

Debating is more often than not viewed as an aggressive and intimidating contest of argumentation between two teams or individuals. It also receives a plethora of public backlashes since debating is not widely acknowledged and accepted as part of our culture. However, more importantly, debate is an essential tool for developing and maintaining demo

The ancient garden plan, the Chahār-Bāgh, was originally put onto ground for the purpose of organizing garden in an arid landscape of Persia besides a symbol of political territory. This quadripartite plan of garden was found as early as 600 BC during Achaemenid era. Therefore, claims made in various scholarships that referred Chahār-Bāgh as an

Purpose – Consumer racism describes the act of purchase discrimination based on ethnic and/or cultural differences. As the original consumer racism scale was developed based on a Western context and environment, most of its items may be unsuitable for use in certain non-Western countries. This paper aims to modify the existing consumer racism sca

The presentation addressed how cognitive behavioural therapy (i.e., a form of psychotherapy) may help in improving treatment adherence for diabetes. The five elements in cognitive behavioural therapy (i.e., events/situations, thoughts, feelings, physiological reactions, and actions) were discussed and linked to the concept of diabetes management. T

The migration of people between Acheh and Malaysia can be seen in sporadic settlements in the northern regions. Both communities share Islam as a religion and might have similarities in culture, ethics and the environment. Due to the Islamic influences in both Malay and Aceh community, it is predicted that the traditional houses in both locations a

Andalusian garden is one of the historical gardens in the Muslim world. It appears that the garden designers at the time managed to emulate the spiritual and sacred essence of the paradisiacal environment on earth. The method of content analysis and library search was applied in this study. The findings of this study reveal that the Andalusian gard

The courtyard garden represents a constant feature of domestic architecture in most Muslim regions; however, it was developed in different ways as influenced by many local factors. Its organization, configuration and social role, suggest more a sociocultural need than a physical one. Therefore, it is important to base them on this ground rather tha

The objective of this paper is to present the preliminary findings regarding the participation of OKU with learning disability in Science Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) sectors. Review of the works of past researchers suggested that OKU is a potential workforce in STEM sectors but still under-represented due to lack of efforts from