This paper discusses an extension of analytic hierarchy process which is adopted in fuzzy set theory for multi-criteria decision-making purposes. This method is utilised to overcome the fuzziness problem of the initial input data-sets using the concept of membership degree. The advantage of the proposed approach is applied in the hypothetical examp

It is advantageous for a QS to be efficient in producing bills of quantities from measurement. Measurement software applications, as a useful IT tool, can help a QS to speed up the measurement works. In relation to the measurement software application for BQ preparation among Malaysian quantity surveying firms, the objectives of the study are to de

This research explores preliminarily the practices of quality management, management commitment in quality management, and quality management implementation problems in construction projects in the context of Malaysian construction industry. The research applies semi-structured interview approach with twelve project management practitioners. The fi

Quality management is a management function that ensures the quality of the products, services and/or operation processes of an organization. It contributes to the competitiveness and maintains the sustainability of the organization. This paper reviews the constructs of practices of quality management adopted by researchers. Based on the literature

In response to any change in the measuring quantity (stimulus), input type transducers or sensors generate a proportional output voltage or signal which basically depends on the sensor type in use. Usually sensors are categorized into two types: active and passive sensors. There are also some other type of sensors such as; digital sensors, deflecti

The wide spreading applications of aclUalon have opened up sevcf1l1 possibililie; in R"Chrdcat areas. The basic difference belWeen scnsor (e.g., thelll1Oll1Cler) and actuator can be simply referred as: sensor is able 10 measure a signal or stimulus obtaining infonnalion from the -real world- whereas aeruatoc itself can generate a signal or stim

The three basic circuit elements namely resistor (R), inductor (L) and capacitor are known to be passive discrete elements which are used as electronic components in signal conditioning and processing. An inductor or capacitor is an energy storage device. Capacitor's current or an inductor's voltage does not change instantaneously. Ideally

What is known and Objectives: Testing for cytochrome P450-2C9 (CYP2C9) and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) variant alleles is recommended by the FDA for dosing of warfarin. However, dose prediction models derived from data obtained in one population may not be applicable to another. We therefore studied the impact of genetic

Cobalt-iron (Co-Fe) alloy thin films (Co100-x-Fex with x=0 , 6, 11, 14 and 18) were electrodeposited on brass substrates from sulfate plating baths containing saccharin salt. The electrolyte in the synthesis process consists of mixtures of FeSO4.7H2O , CoSO4.6H2O, NaCl and H3BO3. Various concentrations of FeSO4 were added to the plating solution to

Gas flow measurement is required in numerous applications; particularly in oil, and gas, nuclear energy, chemical proccssing illdustrics including food, pharmaceutical indUSlryand in agricultural sectors. Gas flow occurs in heat el<changers, steam generators, chemical reactors, oil transportation and other process equipment items. Hence the imp