Muslim reformism, which emerged in West Asia during the closing years of the nineteenth century, and the early twentieth, was spearheaded by Jamal al-Din al-Afghani and Muhammad ‘Abduh. It responded to the socio-economic and political challenges confronting the Muslim society. Muslim reformism was not only influential in West Asia but also in Sou

The late nineteenth century marked the beginning of British policy of intervention in the Malay states with the signing of the landmark Pangkor Treaty in 1874. The imposition of British power in Malaya brought about radical changes in many spheres of life: demography, economy, law and politics. This article describes the historical background of th

LIGHT is a leadership enrichment initiative programme for university students collaboratively organised by two universities in Malaysia and an industry partner, which are International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) and Permodalan Nasional Berhad (PNB). Realising the needs to continuously strengthen the t

The nuclear modification factors of J/ψ and ψ(2S) mesons are measured in PbPb collisions at a centre-ofmass energy per nucleon pair of √sNN = 5.02 TeV. The analysis is based on PbPb and pp data samples collected by CMS at the LHC in 2015, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 464μb−1 and 28 pb−1, respectively. The measurements are pe

The rural landscape is a significant attraction in cultural and regional tourism. The ‘authentic’ imagery of the rural landscape has lured people to travel through long-distance routes across states. Numerous tourism literature found that tourism routes have a positive impact on the rural economy. The landscape and attractions along the routes

A measurement of the groomed jet mass in PbPb and pp collisions at a nucleonnucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC is presented. Jet grooming is a recursive procedure which sequentially removes soft constituents of a jet until a pair of hard subjets is found. The resulting groomed jets can be used to study modifi

A measurement of the inelastic proton-proton cross section with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of √ s = 13 TeV is presented. The analysis is based on events with energy deposits in the forward calorimeters, which cover pseudorapidities of −6.6 < η < −3.0 and +3.0 < η < +5.2. An inelastic cross section of 68.6 ±

This paper presents a measurement of the underlying event activity in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, performed using inclusive Z boson production events collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The analyzed data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.1 fb−1. The underlying event activity is quantified in

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information

A measurement is presented of the associated production of a single top quark and a W boson in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 13 TeV by the CMS Collaboration at the CERN LHC. The data collected corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1 . The measurement is performed using events with one electron and one muon in the final state al