The second half of the 19th to the early 20th century witnessed the emergence of Islamic reformism as exemplified by Muhammad ‘Abduh (d.1905) and Muhammad Rashid Rida (d. 1935). These reformists urged the umma to revitalize their conditions –eliminate intellectual stagnation; to reform their morality, social life, economy and politics; and to r

A 15-year –old Malay male with congenital insensitivity to pain presented with recurrent septic arthritis of the left knee complicated by osteomylitis. Repeated arthrotomy and wound debridement was done, however, the condition was not resolved. Amputation was suggested as the best method of treatment to eradicate the infection.51 Volume 10 Number

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the nature of Murabahah contract in the fully grounded Islamic banking system i.e., Iran and Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – The approach taken is descriptive. Findings – Although the main principle of Islamic financial institutions is prohibition of usury, it is surprised to see that Islamic fina

This case study illustrates the issues regarding Lynas Advanced Material Plant. The Lynas Corporation Ltd of Australia first looked at China before settling on Pahang, Malaysia to establish its rare earth processing plant. Rare earth is a slightly radioactive material. Despite reassurances by the company and the State and Federal governments that t

Many watermarking methods have been developed with different methodological complexity levels. Each of these methods tries to reduce exposure in different attack. In this study, the ISB watermarking method was implemented based on average of block of pixels together in order to improve the watermarking method to be more resistant against attacks th

Robustness is one of the most important properties of watermarking, the watermark should be readable from images that underwent common attacks such as lossy compression or Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG). While many publications consider the relation between smoothness and quality of the images, few studies only concentrate on the relation

يركز هذا البحث حول رسم صورة للحكيم المسلم كما عرضها ظهير الدين البيهقي في كتابه "تاريخ حكماء الإسلام"، ويبرز الأسباب التي توفرت لجعل ابن سينا نموذجا للحكيم المسلم، وأهم ملامحها. وجاءت شخصي

Digital watermarking is a direct embedding of additional information into the original content or host image, this study is overcome the problems existing in the classic LSB method by adapting the method to intermediate significant bits (ISB), which improve the robustness and maintain the quality of the image. Enhancing the proposed method has been

The use of data hiding, as a viable fonn of communication, has been largely propelled by the growth of the Internet. The Internet offers an opportunity to exchange large amounts of digital infonnation over great distances. The prevalence of media, such as audio, videos, and images, on the Internet provides an ideal channel for data hiding communica

Watermarking capacity refers to the amount of information we are able to insert into the image. Low signal to noise ratio is a phenomenon of watermarking channels, which severely limits the capacity. The aim of this study is to develop a digital watermarking model, which can find out the possibility to embed maximum amount of data in an image witho