This paper presents a comprehensive review of the advancements and challenges in scalable modular antenna arrays for 5G Massive MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) networks, a pivotal technology for the next-generation wireless communication. Tracing the evolution of wireless technologies from 1G to 4G, the paper contextualizes the paradigm shift

Antibody-based treatment was first used in 1891 for the treatment of diphtheria. Since then, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been developed to treat many diseases such as cancer and act as vaccines. However, murine-derived therapeutic mAbs were found to be highly immunogenic, and caused anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) reaction, reducing their efficac

Abstract: Introduction: Self-medication with antibiotics (SMA)—the use of these drugs without a physician’s diagnosis, supervision, or a medical prescription—has emerged as a significant crisis in many societies, being a particular concern in low- and middle-income countries. SMA practices hinder global efforts to reduce antibiotic consumptio

Industry 4.0 and the industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) aim to create a platform for data-driven decision-making through machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, often facilitated by the 6LoWPAN standard. However, as a resource-constrained device, 6LoWPAN raises security and privacy concerns for M2M communications, necessitating efficient and ligh

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new novel adsorbent synthesized from carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers integrated with alumina in purifying water contaminated with organic (2-Nitrophenol) and inorganic (Chromium III) pollutants. The alumina impregnation technique was optimized to enhance the adsorptio

The institution of masjid (mosque) acted as the center of activities of Muslim communities for centuries. Until now, masjid has been a significant establishment within any Muslim community. Nevertheless, today's masjids are not involved with society and not as active as they were during the early age of Islam. In Bangladesh for particular, wher

In rapidly urbanizing regions, maintaining road infrastructure integrity is a critical challenge due to increasing vehicular stress and environmental factors. This study introduces the Road Crack Dataset-International Islamic University Malaysia (RCD-IIUM), designed to enhance road pavement infrastructure management in Malaysia. Employing advanced

Indonesia’s waste problem leads to severe effect such as economic, environment and social consequences in Indonesia as second largest contributor of waste In the world. Part of the waste source in Indonesia is from micro small medium enterprise sector. One of the solution to support sustainable development goals is by implementing circular econom

يحتاج معلم اللغة العربية اختيار الطريقة التعليمة المناسبة بالطلبة قبل إجراء العملية التعليمية كي يتمكن الطلبة من اتباع العملية التعليمية وإتقان اللغة العربية. ويمكن معرفة العوامل التي تؤدي �

Misrepresentation is an untrue statement which the maker believes is true and without any intention of deceiving the misled party. In the case of fraud, on the other hand, the maker of the false statement or representation does not believe in the truth of the statement made and has the conceived intention to deceive the misled party. Although the t