This cross-sectional study conducted in rural Pahang state, Malaysia, aimed to validate a questionnaire examining ecotourism operators’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) regarding COVID-19 transmission and preventive measures. Data collection utilised the snowball technique. The questionnaire, comprising 34 items covering knowledge, attitud

Due to unique properties of cellulose nanofibers, this nanomaterial has been widely used in various applications such as nanocomposites, coatings, electronics, and medical. The features of nanocellulose specifically its dimensions and properties depend on the sources of lignocellulosic materials and the chosen method to extract and further fibrilla

Due to unique properties of cellulose nanofibers, this nanomaterial has been widely used in various applications such as nanocomposites, coatings, electronics and medical. The features of nanocellulose specifically its dimensions and properties depend on the sources of lignocellulosic materials and the chosen method to extract and further fibrillat

Illegal immigration presents a growing challenge for Malawi, undermining national security, straining resources, and exposing socio-political vulnerabilities. This qualitative study investigates the systemic challenges contributing to the inefficacies of border control, with a focus on the Immigration Department's management. Using in-depth int

The demand for advanced security solutions has increased with the continuous growth of urban infrastructure; hence, automated surveillance systems are vital across universities, hospitals, and commercial spaces. This project proposes an end-to-end Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) system to identify vehicle license plates by capturing high-

Background: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is widely recognized in healthcare education for assessing clinical skills, yet its application in evaluating soft skills is still evolving. Soft skills, such as communication, empathy, and teamwork, are essential in patientcentered care but are not consistently included in OSCE asses

Carotenoids are ubiquitous natural pigments found in confer red, orange, and yellow colors to various organisms in the plant and animal kingdoms (Basu et al. 2001; Sugawara et al. 2009). Over 700 naturally occurring pigments found in higher plants and animals are classified as carotenoid compounds (Godinho and Bhosle 2008; Konishi et al. 2008). Pla

This article explores the central historiographical debate between cyclical and linear perspectives of historical progress, focusing on the contributions of Ibn Khaldun, Hegel, and Toynbee. Ibn Khaldun's cyclical theory emphasises the rise and fall of civilisations driven by social cohesion (Asabiyyah), economic factors, and moral dynamics. Heg

Background: Teaching lifesaving skills such as first aid and initial cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to schoolchildren can increase the lifelong ability and motivation of young people to take action in an emergency. Methods: This scoping review aimed to look for the literature related to the essential life-saving skills for schoolchildren, focu

In the current era of widespread digital connectivity, social media has developed as a highly influential platform that surpasses geographical limitations and exerts considerable impact on several aspects of modern life. Moreover, social media has evolved from a simple communication instrument to a complex ecosystem that influences and reflects soc