Objective This study evaluated the combined effect of smear layer characteristics with hydrostatic pulpal pressure (PP) on bond strength and nanoleakage expression of HEMA-free and -containing self-etch adhesives. Methods Flat dentine surfaces were obtained from extracted human molars. Smear layers were created by grinding with #180- or #600-SiC pa

In recent years, genetic engineering has been used to modify and improve plants, animals and microorganisms to improve their value to fulfill human needs. Genetic engineering technology’s focuses are into three major uses: medication, food and agriculture. GMO technology with both of its positive and negative impacts is strongly discussed by many

Recently, the need to protect and sustain the water resources has attracted many researchers’ attention on which every living thing depends on. Consequently, consumption of polluted water puts lives (human, animal, plants) at risk because water has no substitute. Water is a renewable natural resource. Due to ever increasing industrialization and

Three Malaysian ginger cultivars (Bukit Tinggi, Tanjung Sepat and Sabah) were collected and examined for genetic polymorphisms using microsatellite DNA primers. The single microsatellite oligonucleotide primers (CATA)5 (GATA)5 and (GAC)6 were used in polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). These PCR reactions produced 7 polymorphic bands with an avarage

The fast growth of Internet applications brings with it new challenges for researchers to provide new solutions that guarantee better Internet access for mobile hosts and networks. The globally reachable, Home-Agent based, infrastructure Network Mobility (NEMO) and the local, multi-hop, and infrastructure-less Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) develope

Satellite communication systems a superior capacity. Millimeter wave offers a allocation, involves small-sized antenna experiences less congested spectrum enviro rain posses a crucial intimidation to such satell links especially in tropical region where the severely affect the signal. Rain is the factor that the implementation of higher frequency c

Free Space Optic (FSO) vulnerability towards atmospheric phenomena is becoming a main issue towards its implementation. A lot of studies have been conducted to estimate the climatological effects on FSO links but most of them are based on terrestrial link with short path lengths and centred in temperate regions.Hence, this paper aims to analyse the

Suntikan vaksin adalah suatu keperluan dan mampu menyumbang kepada penyelesaian masalah pandemik ini. Bagaimanapun, pencegahan kesihatan awam diamalkan kini harus diteruskan seperti biasa walaupun sudah mendapatkan vaksin, memandangkan proses vaksinisasi dan kadar untuk mencapai imuniti kelompok mengambil masa. Diharapkan suntikan vaksin dan imunit

Identifying children in thermal image using thermopile arrays sensor is vital for several computer vision programs, such as MATLAB, especially for detecting children left unattended in a parked automobile under extreme high temperature. Several fatal cases have been reported due to parents’ negligence, and majority has shown regretting of the mis

This research investigates religious diversity practices at Malaysian public and private sectors. Among the important aspects that have been examined are company policy, dress code, religious symbols or artifacts, recruitment, promotion, training, religious observances, and facilities. Quantitative methodology is adopted to achieve the research obj