This paper proposes a conceptual framework for owner- contractor relationship and time–cost trade-off analysis of construction project control system using fuzzy logic approach. Construction projects require a well-defined starting point and well-defined finish point with accurate resource allocation to avoid any cost overrun. During the lifecycl

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is machining process that is suitable for machining very hard materials that are electrically conductive. In this process the material is removed by series of repeated electrical discharges, produced by electric pulse generators at short intervals in dielectric fluid medium. Thus, the electrical parameters are t

High speed hard end milling is one of complex and costly shape machining compared to other machining processes. In high speed end hard milling, the tool wear or breakage are mostly happened due to the cutting forces which lead. In this research, the influencing of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut on cutting forces have been analysed and mo

Continuous monitoring, accuracy of evaluation, and proper analysis of human gait characteristics have presented the importance not only in clinical studies, but also in the field of sports, rehabilitation, training, and robotics research. Human knee joint plays an important role in balancing and stabilizing human body while walking. So it is obviou

In the present paper, we consider a notion of orthogonal preserving nonlinear operators. We introduce π-Volterra quadratic operators finite and infinite dimensional settings. It is proved that any orthogonal preserving quadratic operator on finite dimensional simplex is π-Volterra quadratic operator. In infinite dimensional setting, we describe a

This article is a study of the rights of women in Islam in comparison with the status of women in the contemporary Muslim world. Men and women in Islam, regardless of their age, social class and education, are equal as citizens and individuals, but not identical, in their rights and responsibilities. It suggests that, in the early age of Islam, wom

The purpose of the present study is to examine how basic psychological needs, as conceptualized in Self-Determination Theory, are related to attitudes, control beliefs and entrepreneurial intention of Theory of Planned Behaviour. Specifically, it aims at understanding the relationship between autonomy and competence and students’ intention to sta

This paper is a study of Said Nursi’s thoughts on unity and solidarity of Muslims. As the papers observes, Nursi closely linked ineffectiveness of the contemporary Muslim world with widespread disunity among the diverse groups (nations) of the ummah, and, urged world-wide Muslims to re-establish unity in the way of re-attaining the previous glory

Transportation network is a key issue for urban areas and is require to update to fulfill the growing demand modifying existing road(s) and/or constructing new road(s) considering various constraints. In general, transportation network design problem (TNDP) concerns optimal selection of several projects from various alternative proposed projects (w

Swarm robotic systems is still a new field of study, and exploration of its applications and making use of its advantages can open the door for more research on this field in the near future. In swarm robotic systems, a number of simple robots can perform complex tasks efficiently than a single robot, giving robustness and flexibility to the group.