We discuss the proof-of-principle demonstration of the extended deterministic Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol based on ququarts. The experimental realization is based on the polarization degrees of freedom of two-mode biphotons, making the process of state preparation, transformation and measurement rather simple. The scheme uses only singl

There are adequate laws and policies on environmental protection in Kenya. The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) of Kenya was established under the Environmental Management and Coordination Act (EMCA) No. 8 of 1999, as the principal instrument of government in the implementation of all policies relating to the environment in Kenya. O

Belief in God’s message and messengers is a basic article of Islamic faith. Though it is sent to all humankind, revelation is not communicable directly from God to everyone at all times. The channel through which revelation became known to humankind is prophethood. Both revelation and prophethood are thus intertwined; the explanation of one will

Electronic Chart Display and Information System ECDIS) is a computerized navigation system integrating variety of charts and navigation-related information that replaces the usage of paper chart. Nowadays, ECDIS usage is getting more recognized as being used for both navigation and collision avoidance task. The combination of ECDIS and radar allows

This book reveals the emergence of liberal Islam in Indonesia by tracing the root of historical perspective. In fact, liberal thought emerged long before independence where secular Muslims made their efforts to expose their religious understanding in the community. Initially, liberal thought emerged from the secular group, which tried to portray th

Ḥijāb, an Islamic ethico-religious and socio-cultural symbol, is increasingly becoming visible in the Western public arena giving rise to a debate over its compatibility with dominant Western culture and values. Placing it in an argumentative genre, the paper highlights the sociological, religious and cultural rationales for the increasing visib

This paper examines the structural semantic approach based on the theory of linguistic relativity to scriptural language as exemplified in Toshihiko Izutsu’s studies of the Qur’anic weltanschauung. According to this theory, each language contains a particular worldview that causes its speakers to view the world in a way different from the speak

This study examines the doctrine of spiritual ascent, central to mystical experience, as taught in theistic mysticism, as exemplified in Christianity and Islam, and non-theistic or monistic mysticism, as manifested in Buddhism. The study highlights the common characteristics and the variations in the teachings of spiritual ascent according to these

The use of allografted bone substance requires several considerations: pathological clearance to ensure that the bone is free from any disease or harmful bacteria or viruses, the method is legal, allografting is an acceptable culture in the society, etc. Regarding the use of xenografts, pig bones are the most similar to human bones among pigs, mice

Strata living contribute in many ways to new features in urban development. In built environment theory housing developers are expected to provide conducive environments to promote a better life for residents. One of the encouraging environments is proper management of strata building. Consequently developers who develop strata buildings are expect