The question of non-Muslims citizens of the modern Muslim states as to whether they are citizens or dhimmis is one of the most contested issues in Modern literature on Islamic political system. The constitutional dimension which needs to be focused has not been taking into account in much of the writings on the issue. This paper argues for addressi

Technological advances in the field of medicine and health sciences not only manipulate the normal human body and sex but also provide for surgical and hormonal management of hermaphroditism (intersexuality). Consequently, sex assignment surgery has not only become a standard care for babies born with genital abnormalities in the West but even in s

The rise of Muslim feminist movement is a positive development in the intellectual landscape of Muslim debate on women`s rights in contemporary Muslim societies. As a pressure group, their struggle to improve the condition of women against the odds of conservative Muslim legal scholars‟ resistance and culture of patriarchy indubitably has somewha

DNA testing of paternity has emerged as a conclusive scientific evidence of as- certaining paternity to overcome the problem of ‘paternity fraud’ and ‘misattributed paternity’ in the West. To harmonize it with old established common law principles of ‘presumption of paternity` and ‘ex parte’ judgment for granting a woman her claim tha

This research aims to investigate the relationship between the solvent retention capacity (SRC) test and quality assessment of hard red spring (HRS) wheat flour samples obtained from 10 HRS cultivars grown at six locations in North Dakota. The SRC values were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with flour chemical components (protein, gluten, s

The aim of this study is to explore students’ views on the use of philosophical inquiry method in teaching ‘Aqidah. This qualitative study involved form -two students in an Islamic secondary school in Gombak, focusing on Islamic Education subject particularly in the component of ‘Aqidah. After completing the three philosophical inquiry sessio

Muslim women have been caught in a tag- of- war between the forces of preserving Muslim family identity and advocates of its reform along the line of gender equality and International human rights. Given the current socio-political milieu at the global arena, the horizons for this tension to evaporate seem dim anytime soon. Reacting to Western huma

The paper describes the supervised method approach to identifying vessel anomaly behaviour. The vessel anomaly behaviour is determined by learning from self-reporting maritime systems based on the Automatic Identification System (AIS). The AIS is a real world vessel reporting data system, which has been recently made compulsory by the International

Introduction Intravenous iron in combination with erythropoietin therapy is essential in maintaining optimal haemoglobin level. However, data is limited on whether over exposure of iron is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in ESRD patients on haemodialysis (HD), especially infection related. Objectives To evaluate any association be

The performance of the reflector antenna may seriously degrades in terms of the gain reduction and beam shift when a dust/sand is accreted on its surface. This paper investigates the effects on the radiation pattern of a practical parabolic reflector antenna due to the dust accretion on its surface. A modified far-fields expressions for a parabolic