A planar multiband microstrip antenna is proposed in this work. The proposed antenna structure comprises a center patch antenna known as driven patch and two adjacent microstrip patches defined as wing patches. The effect of gap between driven patch and the wing patches have been studied for multiband frequency operation. The antenna is operated at

The filamentous fungal strains of Aspergillus niger O-103A, O-109A and O-114A isolated from orange were selected for the evaluation of compatible/incompatible for the production of citric acid by mixed culture. Four combinations of O-103A and O-109A; O-103A and O-114A; O-109A and O-114A; O-103A, O-109A and O-114A were used to examine their potentia

Abstract Objective: This study aims to induce surgical osteoarthritis in a sheep model by excision of the medial meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint. Methods: Osteoarthritis (OA) was induced unilaterally in the knee joint of five adult male sheep by total excision of the medial meniscus and resection of the anterior cruciate l

This paper presents the results of experimental investigations conducted on a vertical machining centre (VMC) to ascertain the effectiveness of brazed circular polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) inserts in end milling of hardened steel AISI D2 (60–62 HRC), under room temperature and workpiece preheated conditions. Comparison was made in t

Cell culture is one of the major tools in life sciences. In regular cell culture, cells are placed into flat petri dishes made of glass or plastic. As the cells are strongly adhered to the dish, an enzyme treatment is applied to stripe them. In case of nanopillar dish, the cells contact the heads of the pillars then multiply by division supported o

This paper reports on the introduction of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) or microsystem technologies courses into the manufacturing engineering program at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). It includes both, undergraduate and postgraduate courses with MEMS topics. At present, topics and courses are included in the undergra

In this paper, various fabrication techniques for micromold cavity are reviewed and discussed. Silicon and lithography based fabrication were being used for years for the fabrication of micromold cavity. In the later stage direct fabrication techniques such as focused ion beam, micro electro discharge machining, laser micromachining, tool based mic

Immobilized enzymes, such as lipases, have diverse applications including chemical, fuel, pharmaceutical and food processing industries. In this study, commercially available lipase extracted from Aspergillus niger has been immobilized on (MWNTs). The enzyme was bound to carbon nanotubes by covalent bonding, in the presence of N-(3-dimethylaminopro

In this paper the machining condition to achieve nano surface roughness in finish cut micro electro discharge milling was investigated. The effect of feed rate and capacitance were studied on average surface roughness (Ra), and maximum peak-to-valley roughness height (Ry). Statistical models were developed using three-level twofactor experimental d

This paper reports the influence of micro end milling process parameters on surface roughness of beryllium copper alloy. A number of microchannels were fabricated in order to characterize the process parameters influencing surface roughness. Two-level four-factor statistical models were developed to predict the average (Ra) and peak-to-valley (Rt)