Citizenship is undeniably a contested concept where different countries have different policies on citizenship, with some adopting more inclusive policies, and this invariably leads to an application procedure that is less stringent. But such a policy, to a great extent, is very much dependent on a country’s history and priorities. The Malaysian

Vehicle detection in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is a key factor ensuring road safety, as it is necessary for the monitoring of vehicle flow, illegal vehicle type detection, incident detection, and vehicle speed estimation. Despite the growing popularity in research, it remains a challenging problem that must be solved. Hardware-based

The ease of adaptability of Internet of Things (IoT) enables multiple devices to communicate with the aim of shearing data and information resources. The IoT architecture of operation is by default centralized. However, the distributed and decentralized architecture of Blockchain enables efficient and scalable connectivity between conventional devi

Transfer learning for crowd counting via CNN is explored in this research to minimize training time and computational cost. The Mall dataset is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the transfer learning approach and is compared with other recent techniques that use their own deep architecture. By using transfer learning, less computation is involv

The advancement of technology brings an extensive use of Internet of things (IoT) devices in our daily life. IoT primary used for data collection and provide real-time management information in the network paradigms such as Edge Computing and Fog Computing. However, assuring the reliability of data delivered via Edge Computing is a challenging task

The modern terrain of asphalt and motorways have become a standard of everyday life in a developed and developing nation. The rise in usage of motor vehicles has lead to the need to better regulate their use. These roadways have always been a way to transport us, our goods, and ideas throughout the age of homo sapiens up on mud to stone to brick, a

Reverberation is the process of multi-path propagation of a sound from its source to a receiver. It is a blind problem where the source signal is unknown and non-stationary as well as the acoustic channel also unknown and time-varying. Therefore, the effect of reverberation on speech causes sound distant and spectrally distorted and can also reduce

Metastasis specifically to the oral cavity is uncommon in cases of prostate adenocarcinoma. Only 4% of prostate cancer patients present with metastases to the oral cavity originating from the prostate. In the oral cavity, the mandible is the primary site of metastases. p63 is said to be a reliable marker to distinguish benign from malignant lesions

Due to increasing demand for security, the instant detection of abnormal behavior in video surveillance systems becomes a critical issue in a smart surveillance system. The currently applied semiautomatic systems mainly depend on human intervention to detect the abnormal activities and suspicious human behaviours from video context. Due to these li

Metabolomics is a comprehensive analysis of metabolites existing in biological systems. As one of the important “omics” tools, the approach has been widely employed in various fields in helping to better understand the complex cellular metabolic states and changes. Bacterial metabolomics has gained a significant interest as bacteria serve to pr