Urea is naturally present in milk, yet urea is added intentionally to increase milk’s nitrogen content and shelf life. In this study, a total of 50 Ultra heat treatment (UHT) milk samples were spiked with known urea concentrations (0–5 w/v%). Attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy with principal compon

Background: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and particle bombardment are the two common approaches for genome editing in plant species using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Both methods require careful manipulations of undifferentiated cells and tissue culture to regenerate the potentially edited plants. However, tissue culture techniques are laborious a

This paper discusses the direction of a possible conceptual Digital Platform Ecosystem in Malaysia, specifically with regards to the Insurance Investment Industry and it is a response to the current situation that clearly opens the door to high risk of losses just because the system is rigid and inconvenient to the customers. In addition, the exist

Anatomy, morphology and palynology studies were conducted on green and red Christia vespertilionis (L.f.) Bakh.f. The objective of this study is to identify the common, variation and diagnostic features and to construct key identification of species. Anatomy study involves sectioning using sliding microtome on the petiole, lamina, midrib and leaf m

Venous thromboembolism is condition characterized by the presence of blood clot that resides in the venous system. It encompasses deep vein thrombosis which is represented by development of denovo blood clot in the deep venous system of the limbs (commonly lower limbs) and pulmonary embolism, which emerges as the preformed blood clots mobilize and

3-monochloropropanediol ester (3-MCPDE) is identified as a food-borne contaminant in edible oils and are classified as a possible carcinogen. This study reports an efficient enzymatic technique for the removal of 3-MCPDE from extra virgin olive oil (EVO) using Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) as the biocatalyst in the presence of choline chloride and fr

The rice response regulator 22 (RR22) has been reported to be negatively regulating salt tolerance in Oryza sativa and involved in the cytokinin signaling pathway; however, it has not been documented in any Malaysian rice and is deemed as an appealing subject for CRIPSR/Cas9 editing. This study analysed the OsRR22 gene from the Malaysian rice culti

The article examines and discusses temporal and geographical forces shaping Ibn Khaldun's theory's relevance and application in modern societal dynamics. The report provides the critical biographies of Ibn Khaldun to understand better the thinker’s philosophical perspectives on history and civilization. The study explains how historical c

Municipal solid waste management has become a very active and burgeoning area of research as it's an essential aspect of a more sustainable environment and a circular economy. Over the past few years, Machine-learning algorithms and Artificial intelligence models have demonstrated great ability to optimize and automate critical solid waste and

Gejala buli berlaku dalam kehidupan manusia hari ini jelas sekali mengalami proses evolusi. Jika dulu, buli dikaitkan dengan penderaan fizikal dan mental secara bersemuka tetapi hari ini, buli turut berlaku secara maya. Berdasarkan kajian Tabung Kanak-Kanak Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (UNICEF) pada 2020, Malaysia menduduki tempat kedua di Asia