This study has twofold objectives. Firstly, to examine the short- and long-run relationships between diesel or petrol retail prices in NewZealand and crude oil prices and, secondly, to assess the response of retail sector price movements to changes in crude oil prices. The study uses both standard and hidden asymmetric cointegration methods. The ma

Animals are considered to be one of the large groups of the creation of Allah (SWT). According to the Holy Qur’an, they are deemed to be miracles of the Almighty Allah and signs of His existence and Unity. All of them worship Allah in a way that we are unable to see or feel. By and large, all creatures including these animals are created for the

Digital (Three-Dimensional) 3D map representation of a city or any location in mobile device provides information about environment to which its represents, sometimes even more details than reality. These ease the problems of reading information added by the paper map which not everyone can read. Unfortunately, in some cases using 3D representation

This study tackles a contemporary issue belongs to what iscalled (AL- NawazilFiqh)(Jurisprudence of contemporary issues). The issue discussed in this study is the banks of milk. It is a new issue as it appeared in the seventies of the twentieth century in Europe and U.S.A. Banks of milk have spread in the same way banks of blood, corneas, sperms an

Variation of calcium excess, water content and mixing time have been taken into the parameters of the injection test of calcium phosphate paste synthesized via low temperature hydrothermal method. The result indicated that all the parameters are very prominent to influence the material injectability possible to be fully injected out the syringe. St

A hash function usually has two main components: a compression function or permutation function and mode of operation. In this paper, we propose a new concrete novel design of a permutation based hash functions called MOIM. MOIM is based on concatenating two parallel fast wide pipe constructions as a mode of operation designed by Nandi and Paul, an

This paper intends to demonstrate the importance of innovation in primary resources by the government research institutes (GRIs) and the practice of open science in creating the path for resource-led and knowledge-intensive industrialisation in Malaysia. The core argument here is that a successful resource -led industrialisation lies on the technol

With the rapid technological advances, possibility of tampering information have been increased. Cryptography is the science of information security that includes symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption which used to avoid the tampering attempts and guarantee the data integrity. This paper discusses a cryptography algorithm (CARCA), which is

Lightweight block cipher algorithms are vital for constrained environment. Substitution box (S-box) is the essential constituent of many lightweight block cipher algorithms and it is the only nonlinear part. It is proficient to create confusion in the plaintext during the process of encryption. In this research, a new way of key dependent S-box is

Cryptographic hash functions take an unfixed size of input and produce a fixed size of an output. A hash function is built using two main components: a compression function and mode of operation. Sponge construction is one of the main operations of modes used in modern cryptographic hash function today. In this paper, we present multicollisions att