The purpose of the muffler is to reduce the exhaust noise produced by the engine. The main objective of this study is to simulate and investigate experimentally the muffler of the Alfa Romeo 145 vehicle. The dimensions of the muffler were used to perform the simulation. Experimentations were performed with the same muffler to develop a relationship

فقد شغل موضوع قيادة المرأة للسيارة في المملكة العربية السعودية الرأي العام وأثار الكثير من النقاشات ما بين مؤيد ومعارض. وقد طفا هذا الموضوع على الساحة على خلفية الدعوات المستمرة التي تطلقها ا�

The predicament of Islamic religious laws and its administration have been one of the concerns of both federal and state governments in Malaysia. It is accepted fact that existence of different laws and religious bureaucracies is inevitable because within the constitutional framework of the country Islamic religious powers are vested in the state g

Dalam dunia global, peranan masjid perlu diperkemaskan dengan penggunaan teknologi moden. Ini termasuk penggunaan ICT dalam merealisasikan peranan institusi masjid dalam berdakwah. Penggunaan ICT perlu dititik berat bagi menarik masyarakat awam mendekati masjid dan menjadi media dakwah yang berkesan. Artikel ini menyarankan penggunaan maksimun ICT

In the realm of corporate and securities regulation, over-regulation has been canvassed as one of the challenges to entrepreneurship. The introduction of Codes is seen as a compromise allowing companies the flexibility to tailor some of its corporate governance processes to its own needs. However, the use of the Code as a corporate governance tool

In the context of Malaysia’s demographic heritage from pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial periods, this research demonstrates the importance of Islamic beliefs to Malaysian educational philosophy. The description is based on official policy documents. The influence of colonials Western pedagogies on education are described.Instructions for

Husserlian phenomenology and its terminology are utilised to justify the sociology of Islam and its essentialist response through the course of transcultural exchanges and sedimentation with the irreconcilable weltanshauung of the West. At the same time, the issue of structure and reliable knowledge is considered through the difficult relationship

This paper examines the urban land use conflict cases which have generated several environmental problems in a small area of Jelutong in Georgetown, Malaysia. Three cases of land use conflicts were identified in the area. The first case was the location of two industries adjacent to a residential area; the second involved the location of a factory

Environment is a ramified source to testify the truth of the Islamic ilm (education). Iqra (the first word in Quran revealation meaning to read) through environment is the way of instilling the future human capital in practice in order to gain not just worldly material gain but also spiritually development. The philosophy of ‘garden of knowledge

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an experimental study of the performance and conversion efficiencies of ceramic monolith three-way catalytic converters (TWCC) employed in automotive exhaust lines for the reduction of gasoline emissions. Two ceramic converters of different cell density, substrate length, hydraulic channel diam