The waste food material namely fish bone is screened for biodiesel synthesis by transesterification reaction to achieve the highest biodiesel yield. The fish bone was chemically treated with Al(NO3)3.9H2O to enhance the biodiesel yield. The solid oxide materials were calcined at 900 °C for 2 - 4 h to convert CaCO3 to CaO species. Transesterificati

The divine command that “Men are guardians of women” (Surah Nisa’: 34) confirms the natural prerogative right of men over women in Islam. Allah swt assigned the role of guardianship to men due to additional abilities of men over women and their expenses for the management of families. Family institution in Islam plays significant roles in the

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were set up by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 as a series of universal goals to help counter the world’s urgent environmental, political, and economic challenges. The spa industry is one of the industries that contribute towards the profitability of the tourism sector and the economy. Islam is

The Halal industry has been widely established in Malaysia and leading to achieve the global hub promotion throughout the world. Due to that, the ministry of education needs an extra effort as to gain the awareness among Orang Asli community by helping them in terms of education. This kind of effort can be helping in sustaining and flourishing in t

The differences in pungency of “sirih” imply the probable occurrence of several variants of Piper betle L. in Malaysia. However, the metabolite profiles underlying the pungency of the different variants remain a subject of further research. The differences in metabolite profiles of selected Malaysian P. betle variants were thus investigated; sp

This essay attempts to revisit selected events in the life of Prophet Muhammad (ﷻ) to demonstrate caliber leadership qualities possessed by the Prophet (ﷻ) throughout his lifetime with specific reference to certain events in Prophet (ﷻ)'s lifetime such as in the events of signing of Treaty Hudaibiyah, foundation of Islamic state of Medina

Every civilisation has a symbol that distinguishes it from other civilisations. Also, many civilisations have passed, and their symbols have disappeared, but the Islamic civilisation and its symbols have endured. Chief among the symbols of the Islamic civilisation is the mosque. It is one of the oldest institutions that continue to exist in every s

While texturing of workpiece surfaces to promote lubrication in metal forming has been applied for several decades, tool surface texturing is rather new. In the present paper, tool texturing is studied as a method to prevent galling. A strip reduction test was conducted with tools provided with shallow, longitudinal pockets oriented perpendicular t

Stamping of sheet metal components without lubrication or using minimum amount of hazard free lubricant is a possible solution to diminish health hazards to personnel and environmental impact and to reduce production costs. This paper studies the application of diamond-like coating (DLC) under severe lubrication conditions by adopting strip reducti

The Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology has been developed since its original introduction, leading to a significant improvement in the manufacture of high-quality finished products. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a RP technology that has been widely used because of the flexibility of the FDM process. Despite the popularity of the FDM machines, c