This paper seeks to examine the methodology of Abu ‘isa al-Warraq, the classical Muslim scholar, in the study of Christianity with special reference to his master piece al-Radd ‘Ala al-Thalath Firaq Min al-Nasara. The aim of this research is to investigate al-Warraq’s polemical discourse consisting of arguments, disputes and refutation, while

This study seeks to examine the methodology of Ibn al-Nadim, the classical Muslim scholar, in the study of Hinduism with special reference to his master piece al-Fihrist. The aim of this research is to investigate Ibn Nadim’s documentary method consisting of descriptive and analytical approaches. He classified the narrated or reported historical

The methods to achieve efficient routing in energy-constrained wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a fundamental issue in networking research. A novel approach of ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm for discovering the optimum route for information transmission in the WSNs is proposed here for optimization and enhancement. The issue of path sele

The utilization of thermal energy storage in the thermal absorber applications has been increasingly important especially in the application where there is a mismatch between energy demand and energy supply. This technology implies that the heat is stored during charging or discharging process through melting and freezing of the thermal energy stor

The objective of this study is to examine the extent and quality of sustainability reporting (SR) of Malaysian listed companies after Bursa Malaysia has launched its Sustainability Framework comprising amendments to the Listing Requirements (paragraph 29, part A of Appendix 9C, Main Market LR and practice note 9, Main Market) and the issuance of a

Main Objectives: - This Text Book aims at: dealing with two important concepts – Knowledge and Civilization, from Islamic Perspective, describing the contribution of Muslim scholars and scientists in different fields of knowledge and science throughout the history of Islamic Civilization, and discussing some contemporary challenges faced by the M

DIRECT: APPROACHES IN DAWAH through Words and expressions, which are used:(1). In lecturers, sermons, and day-to-day conversations and dialogues; (2) In printed media - writings and circulation of books, magazines and pamphlets; (3) In electronic media – TV, Radio, and internet – Face-Book, Blogs, You-tubes, WhatsApp, Skype, Messenger: (4) TO M

يهدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة إدراك محاضري أو مدرسي اللغة العربية للناطقين بغيرها لمفهوم اللغة الوسيطة، وكذلك الكشف عن أسباب أو دوافع استخدامها في تعليم اللغة العربية، وإبراز الطرق الفعالة من أجل

One fundamental property of conductivity is its direct proportion to the electrolytic liquid concentration, and this property is a crucial monitoring component in the Continuous Stirring Tank Reactors (CSTR). The CSTR is an essential industrial chemical preparation tank for chemical product manufacturing and process treatment plants. The paper simu

In the past two decades, unmanned amphibious robots have proven the most promising and ef�cient systems ranging from scienti�c, military, and commercial applications. The applications like monitoring, surveillance, reconnaissance, and military combat operations require platforms to maneuver on challenging, complex, rugged terrains and diverse e