This paper deals with dynamics and control policies analysis of semi-active suspension systems for off-road vehicles. Three configurations of these vehicles; two-axle, three-axle and four-axle have been studied and their performances are compared. The application of several control policies of semi-active suspension system, namely skyhook; ground-h

Three dimensional multiphysics finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to investigate the static and dynamic responses of a micro-switch in harsh temperature environment. The temperature range for the analysis was from -60°C to 100°C. The investigated microswitch consists of a clamped-clamped beam actuated by a bottom electrode coated with di

A random coincidence point theorem for multifunction under the very mild conditions is established. The theorem proved here can be viewed as stochastic version of Ljubomir Ciric (Indian J. pure appl. Math., 24 (1993),145-149).International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics ———————————————————————â

Cadmium is one of the toxic heavy metals, frequently used in various industries but difficult to remove from aqueous solution by sorption or precipitation process. Its removal from water is very important, as its presence, even in low concentration (compared to many other metals) can cause harm to the living being. The removal of toxic heavy metals

A significant amount of water is required daily for IIUM Masjid, which can accommodate at least about 9000 people during the special prayer times. Unfortunately, the water used for ablution is discharged directly to the drain without any plan to recycle and reuse. Quantity and quality of the used water after ablution is determined in this study. La

Background Breastfeeding is the natural route for feeding the newborn that has a lot of documented advantages upon maternal and child health. All over the world, higher employment rates in recent years among women have had an impact on infant breastfeeding. Many national and international projects had been established to promote the breastfeeding t

An employee's right to job security has to be balanced with the just requirement of the employer who should be given the opportunity, under certain circumstances, to retrench workers from employment arising from genuine business reasons such as decrease in business activities, perceived advantages of greater mechanisation and technological chan

The arguments in relation to the implementation of hudud laws in Malaysia has once again resurfaced and is heatedly argued by the proponents of this laws and those who oppose its implementation. Some have contended that the implementation of hudud will only boost, and not deter crimes because of the high standard of proof imposed by syariah. Some w

The employer is empowered to devise measures to reorganise and restructure or manage their workforce in any manner they deem appropriate to improve its profitability. Retrenchment of workers based on operational requirements is recognised for example, when there is reduction, diminution or cessation of the type of work the employee is performing. T

A smart city is one that uses a smart system characterized by the interaction between infrastructure, capital, behaviors and cultures, achieved through their integration. From our survey of the smart city concept by reading recent papers in this field, we found no uniform concept of the smart city; some papers discussed it as a general case study,