Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only
The tumor microenvironment (TEM) comprise of various cellular and molecular components such as fibroblasts, immune cells, bone marrow-derived inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), and signaling molecules. The complex crosstalk between (TEM) components and malignant cells can give rise to tumorigenesis, progression, and