The challenge of rail passenger crowding has not been fully addressed in the scientific literature. This paper describes a study which explores the relationships among the different psychological components of crowding and their effects on commuters’ experience of stress and feelings of exhaustion. The study also considers possible spillover effe

Every so often architects design spaces for proposed facilities based on space standards stated in guidelines or listed as schedule of accommodation (SOA) of a project brief. Process of design through formation of spaces and relationship layouts were created intuitively through experience, integrating structural grids, circulation spaces and functi

Kenaf biomass is the potential as raw materials used to produce polylactic acid’s monomer which is lactic acid via fermentation by Rhizopus oryzae. Kenaf biomass’ structure is complex due to its lignin and cellulose content. This matter had encouraged it to undergo pre- treatment process as the initial step before fermentation process can be do

Schizophyllan commune fsolates were collected from rubber plantations in Selangor and Perak area in Malaysia. Spawns were prepared using three different grains (wheat, corn and paddy). The grains were incubated for 7 days at room temperature. After the grains were fully covered with myceHa, they were place into a cryo-vial with three different. tre

The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the issues regarding the Islamic built environment in Malaysia. Because Islam is the nation's majority religion, the government of Malaysia strives to adopt Islamic values in its regulation of Malaysia's built environment. Yet, given Malaysia's multi-racial and multi-religious lifestyle, ho

Tourism provides opportunities for local regional development but as the brisk growth it exerts pressure on environmental and cultural resources. The environmental problems have reached over the limit of pressure where the natural ecosystem is unable to absorb the stresses of accelerating economic growth and human population rapid growth. Thus, it

This chapter investigates the contribution of Ibn Al- Quff on cardiology and embryology as well as other surgical matters. He was a physician with five major interests which were anatomy, embryology, clinical medicine, surgery and prevention (Athar, 2010). Additionally, Ibn AI-Quff or his full name Amin AI-Dawlah Abu al Faraj Ibn Yaqub ibn Ishaq Ib

Mosque fund, known as Tabung Masjid in Malaysia, is one of the revenues in Islam yet to be developed. The proper management of this revenue in all Muslim countries where Tabarru‘āt (voluntary donations) are collected ought to have sustainability capacity on Islamic microfinance. However, managing these funds to bring about the foreseeability rem

In Intermediate Significant Bits (ISB) model, the watermarking technique was shown to be made robust against different types of attacks with maintaining the quality of watermarked images. In addition, ISB model was found to work properly with many other techniques based on the Least Significant Bits (LSB). In this paper, two improvements approaches

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder, characterised by focal loss of cartilage and increased subchondral bone remodelling at early OA stages of the disease. We have investigated the temporal and the spatial relationship between bone remodelling in subchondral bone plate (Sbp) and trabecular bone (Tb) in Dunkin Hartley (DH, develop